tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-32139392914131227992024-02-08T02:54:48.410-08:00How to do essay writingEssay Topics For Cal Poly Application 2018Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.comBlogger30125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-43711096519832223182020-08-24T09:15:00.001-07:002020-08-24T09:15:04.560-07:0010 Fascinating Facts About Painted Lady Butterflies10 Fascinating Facts About Painted Lady Butterflies The painted woman is one of the most recognizable butterflies on the planet, found on almost all landmasses and in all atmospheres. They are a most loved subject of study in primary school homerooms and are a natural guest to most scene gardens. However regular as they seem to be, painted women have some extraordinary attributes.à Here are 10 interesting realities about the painted woman, orà Vanessaà cardui. 1. The painted woman is the most broadly disseminated butterfly on the planet. Venessa carduiâ inhabits each mainland with the exception of Australia andà Antarctica. You can discover painted women wherever from glades to empty parcels. Its occasionally called the cosmopolitan butterfly, due to its worldwide dispersion. In spite of the fact that it is inhabitant just in hotter atmospheres, it regularly relocates into colder areas in spring and fall, making it the butterfly with the vastest dispersion of any species.â 2. The painted woman is some of the time called the thorn butterfly or the cosmopolitanâ butterfly. It is known as the thorn butterfly since thorn plants are its preferred nectar plant for food; it is known as the cosmopolitan butterfly due to its worldwide circulation. Its logical name-Vanessa cardui-interprets as butterfly of thistle.â 3. Painted women have bizarre relocation designs. The painted woman is an irruptive vagrant, implying that it relocates free of any occasional or geographic examples. Some proof proposes that painted woman movements might be connected to the El Niã ±o atmosphere design. In Mexico and some different districts, apparently movement is once in a while identified with overpopulation. The moving populaces that move from North Africa to Europe may incorporate a great many butterflies, and relocating populaces numbering countless people are common.à In spring, painted women fly low while moving, generally just 6 to 12 feet over the ground. This makes them profoundly noticeable to butterfly watchers, yet in addition fairly powerless to slamming into vehicles. At different occasions, proof recommends that painted women move at such high heights that they are not seen by any stretch of the imagination, basically showing up in another locale unexpectedly.â 4. Painted women fly quick and far. These medium-sized butterflies can make a ton of progress, up to 100 miles for every day during their movement. A painted woman is fit for arriving at a speed of about 30 miles for every hour. Painted women arrive at northern zones well in front of a portion of their increasingly renowned relocating cousins, likeâ monarch butterflies. Furthermore, on the grounds that they get such an ambitious start to their spring travel, relocating painted women can benefit from spring annuals, similar to fiddlenecks (Amsinckia). 5. Painted woman butterflies don't overwinter in cool locales. Dissimilar to numerous different types of butterflies that relocate to warm atmospheres in winter, painted women kick the bucket once winter hits in colder locales. They are available in chilly districts simply because of their amazing capacity to relocate significant distances from their warm-climate reproducing areas.â 6. Painted woman caterpillars eat thorn. Thorn, which can be an intrusive weed, is one of the painted woman caterpillars most loved food plants. The painted woman likely owes its worldwide bounty to the way that its hatchlings feed on such basic plants. The painted woman likewise passes by the name thorn butterfly, and its logical name-Vanessa cardui-implies butterfly of thistle.â 7. Painted women now and then harm soybean crops. At the point when the butterflies are found in enormous numbers, they can harm soybean crops. The harm happens during the larval stages when caterpillars eat soybean foliage subsequent to bring forth from eggs.â â 8. Guys utilize the roost and watch technique for discovering mates. Male painted women effectively watch their domain for open females toward the evening. Should a male butterflyâ find a mate, he will as a rule retreat with his accomplice to a treetop, where they will mate for the time being. 9. Painted woman caterpillars weave silk tents. In contrast to different caterpillars in the family Vanessa, painted woman hatchlings develop their tents from silk. Youll generally locate their soft safe houses on thorn plants. Comparative species, for example, the American woman caterpillar, make their tents by sewing leaves together. 10. On cloudy days, painted women can frequently be found on the ground, clustering in little dejections. On bright days, the butterflies lean toward open territories loaded up with vivid blossoms. Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-75215888203840865672020-08-22T01:00:00.001-07:002020-08-22T01:00:33.045-07:00Critical Reflection and Thinking on Clinical Supervision and LearningBasic Reflection and Thinking on Clinical Supervision and Learning Presentation With the end goal of this article the terms clinical director and guide will be utilized reciprocally as they are viewed as basically the equivalent in this specific circumstance. Study halls and reading material instruct one to think about a patient whom numerous a period s/he will never truly experience as only occasionally is such a great patient found in all actuality. One should recognize that one has to realize the hypothesis to have the option to apply the training when on the clinical region. The scholarly side of ones learning ought not be belittled by setting all the significance in the functional encounters one experiences. By the by the multifaceted nature of creating and placing ones information into genuine circumstances may just be comprehended through experiential practice. As Eraut (2009) expressed learning in college doesn't give indistinguishable taking in settings from the workplace. Nursing has verifiably procured information through different settings, for example, conventions, experimentation, look into, instinct, job demonstrating and mentorship, thinking and experience. Along these lines experiential learning could well have a significant impact of the premise of veritable instruction whenever used and grew well. Anyway as will be examined in this task experiential learning alone now and again is lacking as a reason for instruction in the complexities of learning practically speaking, clinical administrative jobs and being an equipped wellbeing proficient. 1. learning practically speaking Eraut (2007) longitudinal investigation inferred that under the suitable settings newcomers learned more at work than through conventional techniques. There is a requirement for able learning openings and a steady situation to support and learning in the supervisee. The Experiential learning cycle portrayed by Kolb (1984) coordinates four components: doing, reflecting, learning and applying that learning. The cycle at that point coordinates four different ways of knowing implied information which can be viewed as the supporting of accomplishing in ones work. One knows naturally and keeps on rehearsing instinctively. Next is intelligent information which Mezirow (2000) depicts as including transparently pondering and fundamentally reflecting ones own training. The last two are realizing that (propositional realizing) which emerges from basic reflection and realizing how is the last section of the Kolbs cycle where one discovers capability. One may ponder whether the clinical work environment consistently improves positive conditions for experiential figuring out how to introduce authentic instruction. 1.1 The Clinical working environment Glen (2009: pg 498) alluding to the apprenticeship model that had been around since Florence Nightingale expresses that despite the fact that the model involves organized management along with periods for reflection the result was more planned for achieving the work assignments that on authentic reflection. The advantage of this model is that it gave recently qualified attendants that had accomplished plentiful experience and seen as a skilful and experienced fledgling in this way one could see the premise of training from experiential learning in this model. Anyway this model is not, at this point being used and may have been surrendered too soon (Mc Cormack, Kitson, Harvey, Rycroft-Malone, Titchen and Seers 2001). These days nurture instruction is run contrastingly however one can even now recall the worry in the emergency clinic prepared medical caretakers when preparing for attendants went into college level. One of the primary issues of concern was that nursing is a training calling so why the requirement for additional information to turn into a capable professional? Should attendants not be encouraged more in clinical practice and less in the study hall? Knowing and doing are not something very similar was voiced out numerous a period. This adds to the conviction of numerous that learning by and by is the premise of instruction. The way of life of the clinical practice will likewise impact ones experiential learning result. The state of affairs done here (which could be in a positive or negative demeanor) at either the clinical specialists (singular) level or at the association level or the two levels can impact ones effective final product (McCormack et al 2001). Then again various different factors, for example, the association one works in, nurture deficiencies, working in high patient sharpness, insufficient clinical offices, patients having shorter lengths of remain, reluctance by the nursing staff to give clinical oversight and the a shortage of medical attendants in the clinical territory add to the test of getting veritable training through understanding. Supervisees should be outfitted with the vital aptitudes to examine issues from differing points of view. Experiential learning may introduce the premise of training if the correct test is given; that is inside the degree of the supervisees information and consequently introducing a useful result. If not the experience may wind up being overpowering and as opposed to learning through considering a circumstance it could result rather in using in the long run insufficient adapting techniques. One needs to abuse an encounter through appearance so as to sift through, fathom, give meaning and subsequently make proper and proactive utilization of it. Experiential adapting along these lines needs to give the chance of creating intelligent and other conveyable learning abilities so as to advance the instruction supervisees need and to gain from the experience. 1.2 Critical reflection and thinking Chase and Wainwright (1994, p.84) call attention to that: Regardless of the time spent in a specific region of training, rehearses that are without justification for activities are simply undertaking or technique orientated and need basic request. A few creators have stressed on the way that reflection is essential in connecting the hypothesis and practice hole (Kolb, 1984, McCaugherty, 1992, Schã ¶n, 1987). Executing hypothesis into training requires professionals to fundamentally think about ones own training as well as on the ramifications of ones intercessions. The writing has in addition featured reflection as basic when trying to join hypothesis with training (Meretoja, Eriksson Leino-Kilpi, 2002). Lisko and ODell (2010) recognized that these days working in such a complex clinical condition requires one to utilize first rate basic reasoning, they additionally add that to offer such encounters for one to gain from and to consider has become fundamental this can be accomplished in the various experiential learning openings one experiences. In this way one notes that the nursing calling is slanting to recognize and support intelligent practice and basic reasoning and that it additionally offers instruction as a matter of fact for the two bosses and their supervisees. Baltimore (2004) features that since ideal patient results will rely upon medical attendants activities, attendants need to entirely appreciate a circumstance so as to fundamentally might suspect. Benner (1984) stresses that recording of down to earth encounters and considering them is basic in the turn of events and augmentation of hypothetical information. While Kolbs twofold information hypothesis (Kolb, 1984) delineates that one realizes things by having the option to destroy them combination with contemplating them. One can see that it is acknowledged by the writing that reflection gives the chance to go over choices taken and survey just as assess ones learning so as to improve ones own training as well as whoever they direct. On the other hand does one working atmosphere with its time limitations upgrade this? Is it conceivable to perform intelligent practice at whatever point required (Westberg Jason, 2001)? Is reflection not an unpredictable expertise that is premise should be instructed in the study hall excessively so as to be satisfied by and by? Subsequently can experiential learning alone give the capacity of how to reflect and much more basically think about ones encounters and at last addition information from them? In collaboration with reflection goes along the requirement for input and training which are viewed as significant angles in experiential learning while at the same time regulating; for the supervisee as well as for the manager. 2. Clinical management Cost (2004) features the motivations to why the job of a tutor has appeared, lighting up that the students (supervisees) need to develop into an able and sure qualified medical caretaker and performing practice shrewdness, great clinical aptitudes, mentalities and clinical strategies are best gained in the clinical practice condition. Being doled out to a clinical chief may give the supervisee openings that may not or can't be depicted in homerooms or course readings. One may ponder about whether clinical chiefs have enough resolve and inspirational perspectives left in them to need to continue giving management in such rushed workplaces and medical caretaker deficiencies. Eraut et als (2007) study discoveries noticed that assigned guides in nursing were either great in giving a food or for all intents and purposes pointless. In this manner is Deweys proclamation directly in the last circumstances? Will experiential learning give capable specialists in these circumstances? To turn into a decent tutor/administrator one peruses tall records about the qualities required. Rowley (1999) offers a rundown of ethics a decent guide should hold including duty towards coaching and its qualities, acknowledgment of one mentees paying little heed to ones individual convictions/likes/hates, compelling showing characteristics, great relational abilities with the capacity to adjust to ones supervisees learning nature, and set the case of should be a consistent student and being idealistic towards ones mentees/supervisees. At that point Quinn (2007) depicts the humanistic characteristics fundamental, for example, understanding, being agreeable, strong and comprehensive notwithstanding being certain towards students and a brilliant administration way to deal with instruction esteems. Dark and Smith (2000) add a comical inclination to their rundown. Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-68737153793081497252020-07-19T08:56:00.001-07:002020-07-19T08:56:02.095-07:00How to Design a Contract Approval Sheet How to Design a Contract Approval Sheet Contracts are legally binding agreements between parties that include certain things the parties have to do and agreed upon terms. Although some contracts are informal and are only spoken or implied, most contracts are written down in documents, further formalizing the agreement. Written contracts are generally preferred, because not only does it make the agreement seem more legally binding than it already is, it also provides more protection for the parties involved.Once a contract has been completed between two or more parties, a contractual relationship then arises between or among them. The most common contracts (and contractual relationships) that we encounter have something to do with sale, lease, tenancy, and employment. © Shutterstock.com | Uber ImagesIn this article, you will learn about 1) written contracts and 2) how to design a contract approval sheet.WRITTEN CONTRACTSWhen should a contract be written and when will a verbal agreement be enough for it to be enforceable? There are simply some transactions that, by their nature, require the details of the agreement to be written down in order for it to be enforceable. Examples of such contracts are:Employment contracts, between an employer and an employeeTransfer or sale of real estate property such as land and buildingsInstallment salesInsurance contractsPromise to pay a debtAny contract that takes longer than one year to be completedEarlier, it was mentioned that putting contracts in writing protects the parties more than when they are verbal or simply implied. Business contracts, in particular, are recommended to be put into writing, considering the gravity and scope of the contents or terms involved in the contracts.A written contract is very useful in settling, and even avoiding, disputes that may arise later on. This is one of the main reasons why cautious businesspeople prefer written contracts, as disputes can become costly when they cannot be settled early on. This also prevents any of the parties from changing their minds or reneging on what they initially promised or proposed to do or perform.Depending on the type of transaction involved, there are applicable formats for written contracts that are used. In business, organizations often take it upon themselves to come up with standard formats or templates for contracts. There are, however, parts that must not be omitted. One of them is the Contract Approval Sheet.CONTRACT APPROVAL SHEETParties entering into a contract will undergo a series of negotiations, where all the finer details of the contract will be discussed and pored over. One person or point of contact will be tasked for the contract preparation.Once the final draft of the contract has been prepared, com plete with all the conditions, requirements and specifications, if any, that were taken up during negotiations, it will then be subjected to approval, and for that, there is a need to prepare the Contract Approval Sheet.Before you can perform the terms of the contract or avail of a service being contracted, you must first seek approval to do so, and that requires the Contract Approval Sheet. This document must be prepared and fully accomplished before any new contract is awarded.DESIGNING THE CONTRACT APPROVAL SHEETThe Contract Approval Sheet will contain all the required signatures from the proper signatories. This is because this document shows the written consent by the authorities or contracting parties to proceed with an activity that has been requested or negotiated. Accomplishment of the approval sheet means there is a go-ahead to proceed with the terms of the contract that has been proposed.If you look at various samples of Contract Approval Sheets, you will find that there is no fixed format. There are differences in format and even some content and word choices. However, considering that these sheets have the same purpose, there are standard contents that must be included in them.PreparationThe person who should prepare the Contract Approval Sheet must be someone who has a full understanding of the details of the contract â" what it is for, and how it will be performed or accomplished. This knowledge will help him determine how to design the sheet.ContentWhat are the items that must be included in the Contract Approval Sheet?We can divide the sheet into two: the technical information part and the approval part. The technical information will contain all the details regarding the contract, while the approval portion will be where the approving official or officer will affix his or her signature.Individual or Party initiating the contract. This may also be the department that is initiating the contract, if applicable. Also indicate the phone numbers o r other contact details of the initiating individuals or parties.Date that the contract has been initiated.Description of the contract. Provide a brief yet concise summary of the contract, tackling the highlights and most important details, such as:The contractor or the other party;The purpose of the agreement or contract;The requirements of the contract;The costs involved;An indication of the status of the contract, whether it is a new agreement, a modification of an already existing contract or agreement, or a renewal of an existing contract that is close to the end of its term;Any changes or alterations made on the contract, and the pages in the contract where they are reflected or made;The period of performance of what is indicated in the contract; andAny involvement of government, federal or other regulatory bodies in the contract.Review history of the contract. Indicate whether the contract has already been reviewed by other regulatory bodies or departments, such as Legal, Adm inistrative or Risk Management, whichever is applicable.The number of original contracts that will be signed, as well as their respective recipients.The approvals and authorizations required.Once the Contract Approval Sheet has been prepared and filled out, it will then be presented to the Approving Official for proper action, which is either to approve or disapprove. Often, his signature will appear at the bottom of the sheet. In many cases, it is also advised that the name of the person who prepared the document be clearly indicated on the page, as well as his signature.The design of the Contract Approval Sheet will largely depend on the type of contract that will be entered into. This is why it is important that the task of designing and preparing the document should be assigned to someone who is privy to the finer details of the contract. Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-71259494426193063882020-05-21T20:33:00.001-07:002020-05-21T20:33:07.587-07:00Why Palestinian Children s Rights Are Protected By... Introduction This paper will investigate the extent to which Palestinian childrenââ¬â¢s rights are protected by international government. I chose this topic because I have been particularly interested in Palestine for the last few years, as the conflict was brought to my attention by a Palestinian friend of mine. I chose to write about Palestine for my historical investigation in order to learn more about the conflict. For my FIQWS class, I chose Literature/Film in Israel/Palestine so I could continue my studies in Palestinian history. There has also been a rise of turmoil between the 2 countries in the last few years, and I wanted to understand the reasons for the conflict, and how childrenââ¬â¢s rights are violated. During wartime, countless human rights violations occur, and sometimes people do not speak about it in fear of retribution from others. Yet this is an issue that has to be addressed, because it is still prevalent today. For my paper, I will focus on the violation of Palestinian childrenââ¬â¢s rights in both Gaza and the West Bank, focusing on different rights, such as: health, education and protection. The research method that I used for this paper was the observational method, where I examined different sources to learn more about the violations of these rights. I used JSTOR to locate online resources, and used articles from different magazines, including Health and Human Rights, Middle East Report and British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 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DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited 13 Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-74506232791352705732020-05-06T23:47:00.001-07:002020-05-06T23:47:24.270-07:00William Shakespeare s Antigone - Hubris And Drama Essay Olivia Seeney ENGL 330 Studies in World Literature 11/21/16 Hubris and Drama in Antigone Hubris may be categorized as two things. As a part of the Greek theater hubris qualifies as being ââ¬Å"the intentional use of violence to humiliate or degrade (Luebering).â⬠However, a more modern qualification defines hubris as ââ¬Å"exaggerated pride or self-confidence (Hubris).â⬠Throughout Antigone both of these different characterizations of the word hubris can be found in specific events and characters. Being a Greek tragedy, it is evident that the concept of hubris plays a very important role in the development of characters and provides the reasoning for why each person does what they do. Much of the drama in this play is born from either excessive pride or from the unnecessary violence against sacred rituals or those who perform them. However, it is also possible to notice characters who fall outside of this hubris and rather choose to fight against it. By going against this traditional Greek dramatic element these characters highlig ht the injustices that are being displayed by those they are going against. Overall, the impact that hubris has had on this tragedy and on the culture as whole affects how each of the characters either use hubris to advance both themselves and their goals, or choose to fight against it for the good of those around them. The incorporation of hubris into Antigone can be visualized specifically by examining two characters in particular. The first character is Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-56355073135032765682020-05-06T08:35:00.001-07:002020-05-06T08:35:07.042-07:00Education Review Free Essays Liting Wang Professor Feindert ENGWR 48007 April 2018 Critique of ââ¬Å"There is Need to Review Our Education Systemâ⬠The article ââ¬Å"There is Need to Review Our Education Systemâ⬠by Rhoda Kalema, a well-known author and title holder of ââ¬ËUgandaââ¬â¢s Forum for Women in Democracy as a transformative leader 1996â⬠², looks at some pressing issues that the education system of Uganda currently faces. There have been no proper mechanisms to foresee high-quality education offered in the country. She explains that the experience of educated people shows their fear towards the future to come of the present day education around the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Education Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now If people do not have good education, they will not have a bright future. As a result, a country like Uganda might fall backwards and will be left very weak. It will affect the countryââ¬â¢s improvement in many ways. She suggests that, the education administration should start focusing on this situation. In addition, both learners and teachers face challenges that make it impossible for the education system to be ranked anywhere in the world. The government is aware of these challenges but offers no solution. Through critique, the key issues facing the primary, secondary, and vocational education in Uganda are examined. The opinion that is currently viable to revive this whole situation is an overall reviewing of the education system from the tradition one to a modern one that will suit the needs of the students and benefit them to fight in equal terms with the rest of the students, if not in the world but Africa. One of the most interesting factors with the education system is one that dates back more than four decades ago when fresh graduate teachers had the aim of literally igniting the classrooms. Shortly when they dive into the adventure towards greatness, these graduates understand that the procedure has been pre-decided and what is required of them is to stick within classroom limits of the syllabus. The objective here is to cover the syllabus, and any idea of presenting new substance is disapproved. There is no space for learning the informationââ¬â¢s purpose, an instructor in class is to educate and how well one educates is obvious through studentsââ¬â¢ execution in exams. Those who have different thoughts of possibly to energize the students, and familiarize them with new ideas and thoughts, influence them to think, and long to know more, are left to swallow their skills and watch as the students follow the old road of the low-quality education. Guardians and parents expect more from schools. They have high expectations that school will change their kids. Occasionally, they even observe the instructor as a wonderful professional of sorts, after all an educator could influence a child to learn. A typical presumption is that tutoring will shape the children and the instructor will be the one individual to guarantee this happens. In any case, things are not as basic and practical as they appear, and teachers face challenges explaining to parents that with this old education system, they should not expect much from their children. What the government has failed to understand is that Education is a public entity, which has a good aim of providing quality training with a specific end goal to reduce variations (instruction as an equalizer). Framework change should address parts of value and correspondence and additionally the more extensive quality objective. The change procedure must be incorporated, problematic, and transformative for there to be substantial outcomes for all students. An intricate procedure must be acknowledged through community-oriented associations amongst government and other key players like guardians, current society, and the private area. Sometimes individuals expect too much from old system framework models to deliver present day 21st-century skilled students. Uganda, like the rest of Africa, has a considerably young populace that forms an important part of the human resource. The youth forms the vital group that is thought to take Africa to the next African Rebellion urged by education and training. Based on the problems that the Ugandan education system is facing, the following are some of the ways that can help redeem the learners from surging into the problematic conditions just like their predecessors. The authorââ¬â¢s argument is presented in an organized and visually cluttered manner. The author presents his points with illustrations cited well from the article. The author points out the most exciting factors with the education system. ââ¬Å"Everyone in the country and even those outside who have ever experienced a balanced education about 25-30 years ago are in pain over what is happening in the education sphereâ⬠. As evident from the article, shortly when they dive into the adventure towards greatness, these graduates understand that the procedure has been pre-decided and what is required of them is to stick within classroom limits of the syllabus. The objective here is to cover the syllabus, and any idea of presenting new substance is disapproved. Another factor that makes the article organised is the avoidance of placing unnecessary quote in the article. Instead the author options to explain to bring out the main points. For instance, in order to better understand the problems that face the education system because of government failureâ⬠¦ ââ¬Å"I would like to reflect on several aspects that I have observed, which will bring doom to our education sector, unless a review is done immediately and aggressivelyâ⬠, the author puts the points down as illustrated below without filling the essay with unnecessary quotes. The author has concrete evidence that he uses to make logical appeals and the strength of this posting is rooted in the authorââ¬â¢s ability to bring out points to illustrate the failures that are evident to every reader of the article. Anything that contributes to meeting the huge needs of the education systems in Africa is a positive thing, such programs or projects are driven by people who want to serve the general good of the country in the area that, as a reminder, is the top priority of all priorities. The impression that oneââ¬â¢s gets is that there is a desire to be involved in proposing the beginnings of a solution, a standard foundation for teaching that will integrate specific local features and at the same time train future citizens of an interconnected and culturally very mixed world. A change of school learning system will reflect this concept, and it is an interesting one. In conclusion, the author has managed to create a list of reasons that would help the government and relevant stakeholders argue their case mostly for naught. The important thing is that there are on-going discussion and dialogue, and adjustments constantly being made to ensure the consistency at country level and then ideally, at the level of each regional African community, of an educational offering that necessarily has to be diversified. This is also one of the recommendations from the summary of the debate that we must have high-level, national education authorities, which must be separate and independent from the governments. They should also be tasked with the responsibility of managing the fundamental choices affecting education systems in the long term, to set a course that is not changed every time there is a change in government. Work CitedKalema, Rhoda. ââ¬Å"There is Need to Review Our Education System.â⬠Africa News Service, 1 Apr. 2009. Opposing Viewpoints In Context, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A196876335/OVIC?u=sacr73031;sid=OVIC;xid=d 3a28488. Accessed 3 Apr. 2018. How to cite Education Review, Papers Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-48563317337886518612020-04-26T07:04:00.001-07:002020-04-26T07:04:03.025-07:00Water Scarcity and its Effects on the Environment Abstract The core objective of this research paper is to examine water scarcity and its effects to the environment. This research paper will lean towards a descriptive approach. Several causes of water scarcity will be reviewed in this research and subsequently suggest solutions to the problems will be discussed.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Water Scarcity and its Effects on the Environment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In conclusion, this research paper will make a number of recommendations to ensure significant strides are achieved in curbing water scarcity. Besides, after reviewing the recommendations applied, this paper will determine ways in which the research results can be dispersed. Introduction Introduction This report will assess the increased demand for water resources as a result of its unavailability. Besides, the paper will also consider the solutions and recommendations for supplying water to all. Water is a valuable resource to humans and the world as a whole. If water resources continue to diminish, the environment will continue to experience the struggle of surviving since the environment, and forests particularly depend on water resources. Huge industrial demand for water, increased populations and agricultural demands for water increase the scarcity of water. Australia, for instance, is estimated to maintain its domestic water needs rise to 70 percent in the near future. Water Scarcity Water scarcity is a problem that is experienced all over the world. It is estimated that over a billion people are annually hit by water scarcity. The U.S. department of state puts a figure of 1.1 billion people who lack safe drinking water while 2.4 billion cannot access basic sanitation. Interestingly, ââ¬Å"water scarcity also occurs in regions that contain freshwater and sufficient amounts rainfallâ⬠(Postel 85). This is because sufficiency of water supply depends on water conservation methods, distribution channels available in the community and the quality of water as stated by Postel (192). Besides, meeting the demand for household water use, farms, industry and the environment requires substantial conservation methods and timely distribution methods. It is estimated that one out of every three people on each continent of the globe is affected by water scarcity. As the world population grows the need for more water also increases. Besides, more urban cities are coming up, and urbanization increases the household and industrial consumption. 1.2 billion people across the globe live in areas where water is not present or is physically not available. This is a fifth of the worldââ¬â¢s population.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fig. 1.1 (Tag Archive for ââ¬ËWater Scarcityââ¬â¢) Fig. 1.2 (BBC NEWS) As shown by the above figure, water scarcity is fast becoming a major challenge in developing countries where a quarter of the world population lives. This is due to ââ¬Å"lack of proper technique of supplying water from sources such as rivers and aquifers to where it is needed mostâ⬠(Berk 190). In places where water shortage is experienced, communities are forced to use unsafe drinking water for drinking and washing their clothes. Unsafe drinking water increases the chances of water borne diseases such as dysentery, cholera and typhoid fever being transmitted to humans. Furthermore, ââ¬Å"water scarcity can lead to other diseases including trachoma, which is an eye infection that leads to blindness, plague and typhusâ⬠(Pereira and Lacovides 299). When people are faced with water scarcity, they institute measures to store water in their home. These measures can include using water tanks or sinking wells. This method leads to a breeding ground for mosquitoes ââ¬â which are known ca rriers of malaria and dengue fever among others. In the face of all this problems associated with water scarcity, there arises a need to address the issue of water scarcity before it gets out of hand. Better water management policies ensure safety of the communities relying on the water as breeding grounds for insects are eliminated, hence a reduction in water borne diseases like the schistosomiasis which is a devastating illness.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Water Scarcity and its Effects on the Environment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Sherbinin (26) the shortage of water and agricultural production in poor urban settings utilizes waste water. More than 10% of the worldââ¬â¢s population consumes foods that have been grown using waste water. These irrigated foods can contain harmful chemicals or disease-causing organisms. It may almost seem ironical to note that the world has enou gh water for everyone. However, the problem that leads to water shortage is poor distribution. ââ¬Å"Water scarcity is a natural occurrence in some areas. However, in others areas it is a man-made phenomenonâ⬠(Sherbinin 26). Similarly, the world is endowed with sufficient water resource to cater for approximately 6 billion people. According to Pereira and Lacovidae 302) scarcity has contributed to uneven distribution channels, wastage. This is because of poor harvest and utilization strategies. Poor methods of handling the water resource have led to water Pollution. Hence, this has created a big challenge that threatening the ecosystem and human population. Types of Water Scarcity Physical Scarcity Physical scarcity of water is prevalent across the world. As the name suggests, access to water sources is physically limited. This happens when the demand for water surpasses the landââ¬â¢s capacity to provide the much-needed water. This form of deficiency is primarily associat ed with the dry parts of the world, including arid regions of the globe as clearly illustrated by the figure below. The northern part of Africa and some parts in Asia and Australia are the worst hit by this physical scarcity. However, we have some regions in the world which do not fall in the dry land category but have man-made physical scarcity. For instance, the Colorado River basin has been ââ¬Å"over used causing physical water scarcity downstreamâ⬠(Pereira and Lacovides 299). Thus, scarcity can also be attributed to over management of the river resources. Below is Figure 1.3 showing water scarcity distribution around the globe (BBC NEWS) Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Economic Scarcity The most problematic type of water scarcity is economic water scarcity. This happens when no concrete measures are taken to ensure water availability. This situation persists largely due to lack of good governance, and lack of good will to change the situation. Therefore, economic scarcity is demonstrating the lack of resources in terms of funds or monetary benefit to utilize available sources of water. The sub-Saharan Africa falls under this model of economic water scarcity. Unequal water resource distribution is generally experienced in the Sub-Saharan due to several reasons. These reasons are tied to political and ethnic conflicts, which are a common occurrence in this part of the world. As shown in Fig 1.2 much of sub-Saharan Africa falls under economic water scarcity. However, Odgaard explains that in the presence of good governance mechanisms, this situation is manageable (140). In most cases, access to clean and safe water can be as simple as constructing sm all dams for communities to harvest rain water. Besides, the principal objective should be to provide relief for the already suffering communities. To ensure clean water is available to world population, water harvesting techniques should be developed. These need not be complicated as it may mean rain water collection from roof tops and construction of water storage tanks. Without question, this situation can be tackled with the construction effort from the local community, availability of funds and engineering. Water Scarcity in the U.S As highlighted earlier in this research paper, water shortage is a global concern that is affecting communities and the environment and threatens to affect many others if substantial measures are not taken to tackle the scarcity. However, it is difficult to compare the struggle of an African woman walking long distances in search of fresh water with water scarcity as experienced in the United States. The Colorado River is beginning to run dry in som e places; this sounds almost impossible considering the size of the river. Huge water bodies like Lake Mead found in Arizona may become obsolete. These are some of the dramatic changes that are facing the United States with regard to water scarcity. With this realization, more and more people are starting to connect with situations in dry regions of the globe. More so, the effects of water mismanagement are starting to be felt. Research indicates that Lake Mead may run dry by the year 2012. This is a serious issue considering the lake currently supplies up to 22 million people with water. Figure 1.4 shows Lake Meadââ¬â¢s receding water levels (KTAR). This is proof enough that water scarcity is not just a problem of people who never had water but rather a problem for all. Demand for more water and problems associated with pollution is contributing factor to water shortages. The daily demand for water means that the availability of the same will be affected in the future. Many pe ople may thirst in the future if the current trend of wasteful toilet flushes and showerheads are not minimized. Key Causes of Water Scarcity Water scarcity has been caused by increased demand. These demands can be categorized into five major contributors to water shortage. Firstly, industrial water consumption enhances their production has created a strain on water resources. Most industries require having sufficient water supplies in order to perform optimally and produce goods or services. Besides, most mining and oil industries use water in their operations. Thus, water scarcity makes these industries to be more susceptible to water shortages. Secondly, agricultural water needs for farms where there is unreliable rainfall create a huge demand for water, thus exerting more pressure on the already strained water resources. Fig. 1.5 (Links between population and fresh water) As the world population grows, more demand for water is experienced as illustrated by fig 1.4. The world po pulation recently hit 7 billion, and the figure could only mean that pressure to supply water for all is expected to rise. Consumer demand is closely linked to population growth as more and more households require water to maintain their households. Economic growth is a positive step towards improving the lives of people in a given community, but calls for the need to supply resources to fuel it. One of it is water; hence as more economic growth is experienced more demand for water is created. Suggested Solutions to Water Scarcity Environmentalists maintain that immediate solutions have to be devised. Low cost solutions come in handy. In China for instance, farmers are already making use of these inexpensive water conservation methods with great results (FFTC). However, ââ¬Å"low cost solutions, for example, creating still water conservation may harm the population downstreamâ⬠(Berk 190). Therefore, it is important for the conservation efforts to involve everyone to provide a n amicable solution for all. Fig. 1.6 showing the global water usage (Umwelt Bundes Amt) Conclusion In order to ensure water scarcity is effectively tackled, total commitment to set targets and solutions is required. Figure 1.5 clearly indicates that the demand for water is rising, and as a matter of urgency, conservation efforts will bear fruit if every one of us realizes that they have a role to play. Constant assessment of the strategies governing water bodies and their utilization will ensure that positive progress is achieved. Though much effort has been focused on water conservation, its use and proper management should be emphasized as it will ensure clean water service delivery for us and generations to come. Moreover, focus on climate changes and environmental degradation should also be improved, and a positive environmental culture encouraged. Works Cited BBC NEWS. Map Details, Global Water Stress. 2006. Web. Berk, Richard. Water Shortage: Lessons in Conservation from the Great California Drought. Halifax: Abt Books, 1981. Print. FFTC. Irrigation Management in Rice-Based Cropping Systems: Issues and Challenges in Southeast Asia.â⬠1998. Web. KTAR. As Lake Meads Drops, Water Concerns Rise. 2010. Web. Links between Population and Fresh Water. Population Growth and Water. 1996. Web. Odgaard, Rie. Conflicts over land water in Africa. Michigan: MSU Press, 2007. Print. Pereira, Cordery and Lacovides. Coping With Water Scarcity, Addressing the Challenges.à New York: Springer, 2009. Print. Postel, Sandra. The Last Oasis: Facing Water Scarcity. Oxford: Earthscan, 1992. Print. Sherbinin, Alex. Water and Population Dynamics: Local Approaches to a Global Challenge.à Montreal: IUCN, 2009. Print. Tag Archive for ââ¬ËWater Scarcityââ¬â¢. ââ¬Å"Hydro-diplomacyâ⬠Needed to Avert Arab Water Wars. 2011. Web. Umwelt Bundes Amt. Exhibitions from the Umwelt bundes amt (Federal Environment Agency). 2010. Web. This research paper on Water Scarcity and its Effects on the Environment was written and submitted by user Seth Sherman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-2518562677550363862020-03-18T17:54:00.001-07:002020-03-18T17:54:03.111-07:00supreme courts reactivity to popular will in modern times essayssupreme courts reactivity to popular will in modern times essays The Supreme Court safeguards much of its power by creating walls to separate its power from public opinion and political pandering. And while impartiality is undoubtedly the preeminent characteristic desirable in a justice, it is impossible to nominate a human being that is not at least partially fallible and swayed by the society around him. The Warren Court of 1953 to 1969 perfectly illustrates the concurrent philosophies of the Court with the prevailing political party of the day. The growing thought of the time was for increased civil rights and an activist government. President Eisenhower integrated the military and was a strong voice for racial reconciliation. John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson were liberals who were both interested in achieving the Great Society, with racial equality a chief goal. In 1954 the Warren Court unanimously followed the trend of the time, and ruled in Brown v. Board of Ed. that separating blacks from whites was inherently unequal, thereby paving the way for the entire civil rights movement. In '64 the court continued to reflect public opinion, when it chose to accept the very loose interpretation of the interstate commerce clause to further it's activist agenda in the Heart of Atlanta Motel Case, by saying blacks could not be barred from staying in private establishments. The War ren Court reflected the prevailing Democrats in criminal rights as well. Between '61 and '66 the Mapp, Gideon, and Miranda cases all dramatically increased rights of the accused, simultaneous to the most rampant popularity of the Democrats. The Warren court championed separation of church and state, in Engel v. Vitale ('62) and Abbington v. Schempp ('63), and freedom of speech, in Tinker v. Des Moines ('69), as did its Democratic counterparts in Congress and the White House. Of course it is important to recognize that the Warren Court was not merely a knee jerk respondent to public opinion. Many of its decision... Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-37368698913560439112020-03-02T09:41:00.001-08:002020-03-02T09:41:03.942-08:00Participar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and ExamplesParticipar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples The Spanish verb participar is a cognate of the English verb to participate, which means that both words are derived from the same root word and have similar meanings. Participar is a regular -ar verb, like tratar and ayudar. This article includes participar conjugations in the indicative mood (present, past, conditional, and future), the subjunctive mood (present and past), the imperative mood, and other verb forms. Using the Verb Participar Since participar is a cognate of the English participate, it has the same meaning in both languages. Therefore, you can use participar in most contexts when you would use the English verb participate. For example, you can say Quiero participar en la competencia (I want to participate in the competition). However, in Spanish participar can be used in a few ways that do not translate to English. For example, it can be used to mean to share information or inform, as in Ella me participà ³ de la fecha de la reunià ³n (She shared with me the date of the meeting); or to share or get a share of something, as in Todos participamos de los beneficios de la compaà ±Ã a (We all share in the companys benefits). Participar Present Indicative Yo participo I participate Yo participo en la clase. Tà º participas You participate Tà º participas en las reuniones importantes. Usted/à ©l/ella participa You/he/she participates Ella participa en la conferencia como invitada especial. Nosotros participamos We participate Nosotros participamosen la carrera. Vosotros participis Youparticipate Vosotros participis en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Ustedes/ellos/ellas participan You/they participate Ellos participanen las elecciones polà ticas. Participar Preterite Indicative The preterite tense is usually translated to English as the simple past. It is used to describe completed actions in the past. Yo participà © I participated Yo participà © en la clase. Tà º participaste You participated Tà º participaste en las reuniones importantes. Usted/à ©l/ella participà ³ You/he/she participated Ella participà ³ en la conferencia como invitada especial. Nosotros participamos We participated Nosotros participamosen la carrera. Vosotros participasteis Youparticipated Vosotros participasteis en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Ustedes/ellos/ellas participaron You/they participated Ellos participaron en las elecciones polà ticas. Participar Imperfect Indicative The imperfect tense is also a past tense, but it is used to talk about ongoing or repeated actions in the past. It is usually translated to English as was participating or used to participate. Yo participaba I used to participate Yo participaba en la clase. Tà º participabas You used to participate Tà º participabas en las reuniones importantes. Usted/à ©l/ella participaba You/he/she used to participate Ella participaba en la conferencia como invitada especial. Nosotros participbamos We used to participate Nosotros participbamosen la carrera. Vosotros participabais Youused to participate Vosotros participabais en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Ustedes/ellos/ellas participaban You/they used to participate Ellos participaban en las elecciones polà ticas. Participar Future Indicative Yo participarà © I will participate Yo participarà © en la clase. Tà º participars You will participate Tà º participars en las reuniones importantes. Usted/à ©l/ella participar You/he/she will participate Ella participar en la conferencia como invitada especial. Nosotros participaremos We will participate Nosotros participaremosen la carrera. Vosotros participarà ©is Youwill participate Vosotros participarà ©is en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Ustedes/ellos/ellas participarn You/they will participate Ellos participarn en las elecciones polà ticas. Participar Periphrasticà Future Indicativeà The periphrastic future has three different components: the present indicative conjugation of the verb ir (to go), the preposition a, and the infinitive participar. Yo voy a participar I am going to participate Yo voya participar en la clase. Tà º vasa participar You aregoing toparticipate Tà º vasa participar en las reuniones importantes. Usted/à ©l/ella vaa participar You/he/she isgoing toparticipate Ella vaa participar en la conferencia como invitada especial. Nosotros vamosa participar We aregoing toparticipate Nosotros vamosa participar en la carrera. Vosotros vaisa participar Youaregoing toparticipate Vosotros vaisa participar en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Ustedes/ellos/ellas vana participar You/they aregoing toparticipate Ellos vana participar en las elecciones polà ticas. Participar Present Progressive/Gerund Form The present participle or gerund is a verb form that is often used as an adverb or to form progressive verb forms like the present progressive. Present Progressive ofParticipar est participando Is participating Ella est participando en la conferencia como invitada especial. Participar Past Participle The past participle can be used as an adjective or to form perfect tenses like the present perfect. Present Perfect of Participar ha participado Has participated Ella ha participado en la conferencia como invitada especial. Participar Conditional Indicative The conditional tense is usually translated to English as would verb, and it is used to talk about possibilities. Yo participarà a I will participate Yo participarà a en la clase si no fuera tan tà mida. Tà º participarà as You will participate Tà º participarà as en las reuniones importantes si te invitaran. Usted/à ©l/ella participarà a You/he/she will participate Ella participarà a en la conferencia como invitada especial si pudiera asistir. Nosotros participarà amos We will participate Nosotros participarà amosen la carrera si entrenramos suficiente. Vosotros participarà ais Youwill participate Vosotros participarà ais en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta si pudierais asistir. Ustedes/ellos/ellas participarà an You/they will participate Ellos participarà an en las elecciones polà ticas si pudieran votar. Participar Present Subjunctive Que yo participe That I participate La maestra quiere que yo participe en la clase. Que tà º participes That you participate El jefe pide que tà º participes en las reuniones importantes. Que usted/à ©l/ella participe That you/he/she participate La profesora espera que ella participe en la conferencia como invitada especial. Que nosotros participemos That we participate El entrenador quiere que nosotros participemos en la carrera. Que vosotros participà ©is That you participate Patricia necesita que vosotros participà ©isen la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas participen That you/they participate El gobernador quiere que ellos participen en las elecciones polà ticas. Participar Imperfect Subjunctive The imperfect subjunctive can be conjugated in two different ways, shown in the tables below. Option 1 Que yo participara That I participated La maestra querà a que yo participara en la clase. Que tà º participaras That you participated El jefe pidià ³ que tà º participaras en las reuniones importantes. Que usted/à ©l/ella participara That you/he/she participated La profesora esperaba que ella participara en la conferencia como invitada especial. Que nosotros participramos That we participated El entrenador querà a que nosotros participramosen la carrera. Que vosotros participarais That you participated Patricia necesitaba que vosotros participaraisen la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas participaran That you/they participated El gobernador querà a que ellos participaran en las elecciones polà ticas. Option 2 Que yo participase That I participated La maestra querà a que yo participase en la clase. Que tà º participases That you participated El jefe pidià ³ que tà º participases en las reuniones importantes. Que usted/à ©l/ella participase That you/he/she participated La profesora esperaba que ella participase en la conferencia como invitada especial. Que nosotros participsemos That we participated El entrenador querà a que nosotros participsemosen la carrera. Que vosotros participaseis That you participated Patricia necesitaba que vosotros participaseisen la organizacià ³n de la fiesta. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas participasen That you/they participated El gobernador querà a que ellos participasen en las elecciones polà ticas. Participar Imperative The imperative mood consists of commands, both positive and negative. Positive Commands Tà º participa Participate! à ¡Participa en las reuniones importantes! Usted participe Participate! à ¡Participe en la conferencia como invitada especial! Nosotros participemos Let's participate! à ¡Participemos en la carrera! Vosotros participad Participate! à ¡Participad en la organizacià ³n de la fiesta! Ustedes participen Participate! à ¡Participen en las elecciones polà ticas! Negative Commands Tà º no participes Don't participate! à ¡No participes en las reuniones importantes! Usted no participe Don't participate! à ¡No participe en la conferencia como invitada especial! Nosotros no participemos Let's not participate! à ¡No participemos en la carrera! Vosotros no participà ©is Don't participate! à ¡No participà ©is en la planeacià ³n de la fiesta! Ustedes no participen Don't participate! à ¡No participen en las elecciones polà ticas! Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-23388908347008079722020-02-15T01:08:00.001-08:002020-02-15T01:08:03.269-08:00Narrative Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsNarrative Speech - Essay Example She was an advocate of the post Cold War neoconservative agenda and helped to shape many of the anti-terror policies of the GW Bush administration. Paraphrase: Our freedom is not protected by a strong national defense alone. It requires the support of the intellectuals and academics that define and promote freedom in a way that makes its significance understandable to all men. Only when we understand the meaning of freedom are we able to promote it around the world as a treasure worth fighting for. Narrative: I can still remember that calm summer morning as I sat on the couch and watched a second airplane explode into the side of the Twin Towers. A confused Brian Gumble was reporting live and it was clear by his loss of words that the incident confused him. I instinctively knew that the US was under attack from some foreign enemy, and though as my anger welled up inside me the onrush of thoughts prevented my mouth from speaking. I knew what I wanted to say, but did not know how to say it. Months later as the missiles hit Baghdad I sat in a state of awe of the military might, again I was lost for words, thinking only that revenge was finally on its way. As the war ground on, I felt the smugness of victory and the glory of a position that I still was unable to articulate. When Jeane Kirkpatrick died in 2006, I was reminded of her quote that said, "No government, no foreign policy, is more important to the defense of freedom than are the writers, teachers, communication specialists, researchers - whose responsibility it is to document, illustrate, and explain the human consequence of freedom and unfreedom". I was reminded of all my previous teachers, the average people from average places, who had for years encouraged me to express my self. I suddenly felt driven to "document, illustrate, and explain the human consequence". As I attend school the need to communicate has become a central focus of my college Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-87305265293477663472020-02-02T02:55:00.001-08:002020-02-02T02:55:02.962-08:00WICKED ANALYSIS PAPER Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsWICKED ANALYSIS PAPER - Essay Example When this is coupled with her high intelligence and her activist aspirations, the conventional society within the book perceives her as evil, eventually dubbing her The Wicked Witch of the West. Because she can be seen as having a difference in the way she looks and because her belief systems do not agree with the current trends in government, Elphaba is viewed from her society as an instrument for evil. Author Gregory Maguire has given Elphaba many attributes beyond her green skin that make her different than the people around her. She was born with sharp teeth and her first act after the experience of being born was to bite off the finger of a fishwife (20). Maguire writes of her as she imitates a dragon during her infancy that ââ¬Å"Her green skin made her more persuasive as if she were a dragon child. She roared again - ââ¬Å"Oh sweetheart donââ¬â¢tâ⬠sad Frex - and she peed on the floor, and sniffed her urine with satisfaction and disgust.â⬠(44). In developing the many aspects of her personality with stories that support her differences to the social setting around her, she is being set apart for aspects of physical representation that foreshadow differences in her social assimilation that will eventually turn her society against her. human beings themselves judge that conductââ¬Å" (48). For Elphaba, this begins with her physical appearance. After this initial physical identifying characteristic is developed by Maguire, her defining moments become more deeply established in the disagreement she develops with societal decisions that she feels leave others in a disadvantaged position. The government had put restrictions on Animals - creatures who were capable of speaking and thinking in the same way as humans. In a compassionate stance, she begins to act on their behalf, behaving as a revolutionary. Because of her actions, her character begins to Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-6565177957638643672020-01-24T23:18:00.001-08:002020-01-24T23:18:03.913-08:00Hurricane Katrina Essay -- Natural Disasters PapersHurricane Katrina Hurricane Katrina has been one the most devastating natural disasters to hit USA ever costing a total of 125 billion dollars, and leaving almost 1000 dead. We need to look at ways of preventing such a disaster. As this is the only problem, we can predict and perceive how dangerous a hurricane can be but preventing one is a different matter entirely. The U.S. National Hurricane Centre (NHC) reported on August 23 that Tropical Depression Twelve had formed over the south-eastern Bahamas this was soon to be named hurricane Katrina, it was upgraded to a hurricane on the 25th of august, it hit land the same day lousing its strength while travailing over Florida. Although on the 26th of August it grew it to a category 2 hurricane. It became clear the storm was headed for Mississippi and Louisiana. The next day the hurricane grew to category 3 and again the day after, the storm grew in intensity and on August the 28th it became category 5 with winds up 214mph. Katrina made... Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-52473991557459803872020-01-16T19:41:00.001-08:002020-01-16T19:41:03.770-08:00Organizational behavior in Southwest Airlines EssayOrganizational behavior is a tool that any organisation that wants to be successful must use in order to attain its goals and objectives. Organizational behavior interprets all the relationships in an organization and manipulates them in order to attain the organizational objectives. The relationships that are assessed include the relationships between the organization and a person, people, groups and the society in general. The major goal of organizational behavior is to improve all these relationships so that in the process, the organizational objectives can be achieved. It is a broad concept that can be viewed from different dimensions. Organizational behavior has many elements which are dictated by the managementââ¬â¢s approach to operations of an organization. The approach used determines the culture in an organization. Culture is the way in which an organization carries out its activities, including the communication links, leadership style, and other dynamics which workers derive their motivation from. The motivation determines the performance and growth of the organization. Four models are usually used within organizations, and the model used is determined by the management strategy. The first model is the autocratic model and it vests power with the management, according to Davidson (2003). He says that the employees are required to obey the chain of command and that this approach does not usually yield high performance results. The second model is the custodial model and it is geared towards rewarding the employees according to the performance. This type of approach does not yield optimum performance results as employees cooperate with the management passively. The third model, he further explains, is the supportive model and this model stresses the need for a leadership structure that supports employees in terms of performance. This approach motivates the employees to achieve optimal performance. The last model is the collegial model and this emphasizes team work among employees in performance of their duties. It encourages discipline and responsibility thus achieving moderate performance results. It is important to note that most organizations use a combination of the models to achieve their goals. Organizational structure Southwest airlines was started in 1971 by Herb Kelleher and Rolling King, according to Harris (2001). The reasoning behind the idea, he says, was that passengers would use an airline if the airline reached the destination on time, was reasonably priced and if passengers enjoyed their flights. That idea is what has propelled Southwest airlines to be the among the top four largest airlines in the United States. Every year, the airline transports over 60 million passengers across 30 states using over 300 air-crafts (Cohan, 2003). The airline specializes in the low-fare transport and it has a model that is so impressive that it is being emulated by other airlines. The success of Southwest Airline can be attributed to the organizational approaches that are used in the daily operations of the airline. The organization uses certain concepts of organizational behavior that help the management achieve the goal of the airline. One of the concepts that Southwest Airline uses is the organizational structure. This is the nature of relationships along the hierarchical structure of the organization. The organizational structure usually determines how the operations of the airline are carried out. This is because it guides the sharing of responsibilities among the employees according to their ranks. In the Southwest Airline, some people describe the organizational structure as a pyramid that is inverted. This implies that the people that are at the top levels of management go to the bottom levels to motivate the employees. This is a characteristic that is featured in the supportive model. When the managers talk to the people at the lower levels of management and listen to their views, they end up motivating their employees. Herb Kelleher, one of the founders of Southwest Airlines is reported to have stayed in a bar until the wee hours of the morning so that he could talk to his mechanic and hear his views concerning the airline. His leadership style ensures that everyone participates in the making of a decision. This is important since it ensures that everyone is bound by decisions they make as opposed to decisions being imposed upon them. Kelleher tries to motivate his employees to be open minded and to express themselves freely without constraints such as ranks between themselves. Kelleher is at the forefront of practicing what he believes in and is said to know names of almost all of his employees. This organizational structure is reflected even in the board where the directors are elected by shareholders. This enables all stakeholders to have confidence in the running of the airline as they have a right to choose the people who run the airline. The management of Southwest Airlines is very keen to reduce bureaucracy as it is aware of the negative effects it has in an organization. This is done through decentralizing responsibilities to the employees. The Southwest Aviation organizational structure is in such a way that employees have access to information. The rationale behind it, is that it is important for employees to have unlimited information so that they can make independent decisions, which is vital in a dynamic industry like aviation. This structure also takes care of the needs of the clients. There are links available in the airlineââ¬â¢s website that address any complaints and suggestions that the clients may have. There are also avenues where customers write letters expressing the same, and the management makes sure all the letters are replied to. In fact, customers write over one thousand letters every week and each letter gets a reply within one month. At times, the schedule of flights may be changed in order to cater for the needs of frequent fliers. Motivation. This is the focus of energy towards the achievement of a certain goal. The motivation of someone to do something may arise from internal forces such as interests and beliefs or external forces such as danger. There are several things that the management can do to motivate employees. One, the management should align the goals of the organization with the needs of the employees. This means that the nature of jobs that the employees do should be aligned with their beliefs. For example, if the company conducts its affairs in a fraudulent manner, the employees are also likely to perpetrate fraud against the company. The company should also reward good behavior since it will motivate the employees to work harder. The rewards need not be big, a ââ¬Ëthank you noteââ¬â¢ is sufficient. The senior managers should set good examples to their employees by obeying the rules they set so that the employees can also do the same. Another factor that brings motivation to employees is development of morale and team spirit. This means that the working environment should be pleasant to the employees and they should look forward to going to work. The employees should also identify with the company. Participation is another factor that can increase motivation. This means that the employees participate in the making of decisions and solving of problems to ensure that they feel as part of the process and are thus bound by it. Southwest Airline was the first airline in the United States to begin a profit sharing plan, with its employees. It began sharing its profits with its employees in 1974 and has done it since then. In the year 2000, Southwest Airline offered its employees $138 million in the profit sharing plan (McConnell, 2002). This is a major motivation to the employees since they feel appreciated by the airline. This incentive also motivates them to work harder so that the following year they can get higher benefits. Besides these benefits, there are other incentives and awards, like ââ¬â¢employee of the monthââ¬â¢ award. However, an unusual way of praising employees is visible in a bill board at Southwest Airlineââ¬â¢s headquarters in Dallas. The billboard praises the employees of Southwest Airline for making Kelleherââ¬â¢s dream come true. The corridors are further lined with photographs of parties that employees attended in order to complete the picture. In case of illnesses or child birth, the employees are given presents by the airline (Cohan, 2003). All this demonstrates to the employees that they are the most important assets of the the company. Southwest Airline goes a step further and trains over twenty thousand employees every year in its own university. The university teaches the employees values of the airline and encourages open minded thinking. Southwest Airline is also very supportive of its employees in terms of encouragement to come up with new ideas or doing the same things, differently. An example is ââ¬Ëwalk a mile in my shoesââ¬â¢ program where co-workers exchange jobs with their colleagues from different departments for one day in order to experience what the other employees go through. Lastly, the greatest motivation from the airline comes from Kelleher. He has a great sense of humor, he has ââ¬Ëhands onââ¬â¢ style of leadership and has a vision that inspires employees to work harder to achieve. Some people actually regard Southwest Airline as the most friendly airline in the United States. Power and politics Politics is present in all aspects of society. Politics creates power and thus an impact that is felt by everyone in the society. It is virtually impossible to separate politics from society (Hessian, 2000). Politics is present in educational institutions, in religion and other elements of a social network. Eventually, politics finds its way into the business world. It is important to prevent politics from interfering with the operations of a company as this prevents the company from achieving its goals and could lead to its downfall. There are however positive aspects that come about as a result of power and politics in an organization. Large companies are able to seal deals, merge with other companies, acquire the smaller companies and so on. Others are the economies of scale, that include the ability to acquire loans from banks, discounts from suppliers due to buying in bulk and the goodwill that attracts customers to the company as a result of being a brand name. Southwest is a very big airline, and the fact that it is among the four largest airlines in the United States guarantees that it is powerful. Its strategy to cater for low cost customers has seen it grow and own over three hundred air-crafts, all Boeing models. The power means that the airline is susceptible to political interference. This is something that the board should guard against. Unfortunately, there have been a few weaknesses in the airline as a result of power and politics. Southwest Airline offers coach seats and it does not offer in-flight meals, it just offers snacks. This is as a result of the growth that it has experienced due to investment in the low cost model. Unfortunately, other airlines have imitated the model due to its popularity. This is unfortunate since in the near future, the model will have become so common that passengers will no longer associate it with Southwest Airline. Another problem associated with the lack of in flight meals is that other airlines are taking full advantage of it when advertising since that is the only area that they are superior to Southwest Airline. Either due to power or politics, the airline does not pay attention to these perceived minute, but major details that may lead to its downfall. According to Brown (2001), regulators allowed Southwest Airline to violate safety regulations, on numerous occasions, without facing consequences. This arose because of the power that the airline has that enables it to have a close relationship with Federal officials. The report by the inspector general revealed that Southwest Airline had violated more regulations than it had been thought. The report also revealed that managers of the Federal Aviation Administration had negligently given the airline a pardon. It finally became clear that the airline violates safety regulations repeatedly. Further investigations revealed that the airline has violated at least eight regulations including an error that cost $10 million in fines. The fine led to some employees facing compulsory leave but that in many peopleââ¬â¢s opinion, is a case of ââ¬Ëtoo little, too lateââ¬â¢. This cannot be acceptable since flouting such regulations is not only gambling with the airlineââ¬â¢s goodwill that has taken years to build, but it is gambling with peopleââ¬â¢s lives. Such negligent acts can be attributed to power and politics and should be avoided at all costs. The airline has also faced numerous lawsuits ranging from accusations of failure to inspect the plane before take off to negligently allowing a crash landing, in Illinois in 2005 which led to fatalities. It is important to note that before passengers choose an airline, they check the safety record. This is the reason that passenger traffic reduced after the September 11, 2001 attacks. In light of this, regardless of whether the airline is a major player or not, it will lose its customers if these kinds of allegations continue being reported. That will be the downfall of an airline whose reputation took years to build. The airline should be very wary when dealing with the lives of its passengers and should not take its power and support for granted. Conclusion. Southwest Airline has been transformed from being a simple idea to being one of the top players in the aviation industry. It has become evident that for an airline to succeed, it should target a specific class of customers and that it should take the welfare of its employees very seriously. Some of the best ways of motivating employees are inexpensive, a pat on the back can do a lot in raising the self esteem of an employee in an organization. Motivating the employees will help them achieve their potential. Bureaucracy should be eliminated to ensure free flow of information. Managers should work with the lower cadre employees in order to make them feel appreciated. Lastly, politics and power should be regulated to prevent interference with the workings of organizations. Southwest Aviation should correct the few weaknesses that it experiences and it will hopefully become the biggest airline in the United States in future. Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-22522226616035166302020-01-08T16:04:00.001-08:002020-01-08T16:04:02.808-08:00The friendship of Vincent Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin Free Essay Example, 750 words The friendship of Vincent Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin Anticipation The anticipation that Paul Gauguin had, when he decided to visitand live with Vincent Van Gogh at the Yellow House in Arles, was that he would find a more primitive and uncharted way of life where his lifestyle cold fit, having struggled to keep up with the lavish life that his fellow painters and the rich were living in Paris (Phelan, n.p. ). Paris had become completely unbearable for Gauguin, and the depression he was going through could only have been matched by that of Van Gogh, who was equally an unsuccessful painter trying to make ends meet. Paul Gauguin was recommended to visit Arles by his other friend, Jean-Jacques Rousseau who had promised him that he will find a society that was uncorrupted by wealth and civilization, where he could experience primitive conditions of happiness (Silverman, n.p. ). The other anticipation that Gauguin had was that he could establish a more intimate painting connection with Van Gogh, and out of it they could bring their painting talent together to create other a successful painting empire, like the two sunflowers painting that Van Gogh had created. We will write a custom essay sample on The friendship of Vincent Van Gogh and Paul Gauguin or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In this respect, Gauguin anticipated that he could tap on his friendââ¬â¢s talent and make some impressive paintings during this vacation (Stone, 22). The last of his anticipation was that he would continue building on his friendship with Van Gogh and his brother Theo, owing to the fact that Van Gogh had invited and waited for Gauguin for long, while Theo was the one who encouraged him to visit the Yellow House (Phelan, n.p. ). Expectations The expectations that Paul Gauguin had while visiting Van Gogh was that out of their friendship and combined efforts, success for the two relatively new yet older artists would spark a more beautiful life for the two of them, owing the fact that both had shared a similarity in living a depressed life previously (Stone, 42). When he arrived at Van Goghââ¬â¢s house, things turned out to be different, since the anticipated happiness and the cordial relationship they sought to create did not come about. The friendly connections lasted a little while, and then arguments between them started drawing them apart, as they could neither agree on the locations where they should paint, nor the mode of painting to adapt. While Van Gogh preferred painting outdoors and from viewing nature as his major inspiration, Paul Gauguin contrasted this view, insisting that they ought to develop their paintings from imagination (Phelan, n.p. ). Thus, after a few weeks of living together, the situation in the house had become more stressful and aggravated to the point that the two painters could no longer see eye-to-eye. The problem would become even more whenever Paul Gauguin raised the topic of leaving the Yellow House, since Van Gogh did not want to be left alone, despite the fact that they did not have a friendly relationship anymore (Silverman, n.p. ). Nevertheless, Gauguin kept expecting that they would mend their relationship, and continue working together productively, but the situation did not change until the time Gauguin was leaving Arles. Disappointments Paul Gauguin went to Arles expecting to find a new form of happiness, serenity and rest from the discomfort of life that he had experienced in Paris, most especially since he did not have enough money to support his living there (Stone, 36). However, the whole visit turned out to be a great disappointment for both painters, as they would not agree on virtually anything related to their painting work, such that the outcome was a more depressed life for both. The anticipated outcome that the two painters would build a painting empire that would flourish eventually turned out to be a great regret for Gauguin, who was very optimistic of the positive impact the visit to Arles would have on his life (Phelan, n.p. ). But the greatest disappointment for Gauguin came when it eventually became clear that the heightened argument between him and Van Gogh was not merely based on natural disagreements, but based on the fact that Van Goghââ¬â¢s mental health was deteriorating. On the evening of December 23, 1888, the two artists had an argument which culminated in Van Gogh slashing his earlobe with a razor he was carrying, setting the stage for Paul Gauguin to leave Arles, while at the same time being the beginning of the end of the physical contact between the two painters (Phelan, n.p. ). Thus, the Arles visit was a double tragedy for Paul Gauguin, who never experienced the happiness and success he went to search, while at the same time came out in constrained terms with Van Gogh. The two painters did not meet again face to face, but kept their correspondence through mails, until the death of Van Gogh. Works Cited Phelan, Joseph. Tragedy and Triumph at Arles: Van Gogh and Gauguin. Art Encyclopedia, November, 2001. Web. November 7, 2014 Silverman, Debora. Van Gogh and Gauguin: The Search for Sacred Art. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, November 2000. Web. November 7, 2014 Stone, Irving. Dear Theo: The Autobiography of Vincent van Gogh. New York: Plume, 1995. Van Gogh, Vincent. ââ¬Å"Letter to Paul Gauguin. â⬠Written 22 or 23 January 1889 in Arles. Translated by Robert Harrison, edited by Robert Harrison, number VG. Web. November 7, 2014 Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-27088754134426008562019-12-31T12:30:00.001-08:002019-12-31T12:30:03.698-08:00Critical Analysis of Hills Like White Elephants - 923 Words Mikhail Shimonov Professor Kaufman March 28, 2011 Critical Analysis of Hills like White Elephants At first glance, Hills like White Elephants by Ernest Hemingway, may allude to many interpretations, however, the short story has a clear purpose. Set in the Ebro River valley in Spain, the story looms around the issue brought forth by Jig and the American, who is nameless throughout the whole story. The issue here being the ââ¬Ësimple operationââ¬â¢ that Jig is about to undergo which happens to be an abortion. Set in the early 1920s, the idea of abortion is as irrational and controversial as todayââ¬â¢s ongoing debate over gay marriage. Although the term abortion is never used in the story, the imagery Hemingway uses along with the language andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This is foreshadowed perfectly in the beginning of the short story with the station being ââ¬Å"between two lines of rails in the sunâ⬠ââ¬â one directing towards childbirth, while the other track guiding to abort (1). Confronted with two conclusi ons with a man pushing for you to take one over the other allows for a climactic ending ââ¬â one that is not revealed. Consequently, one can also say that she was leaning in the Americans cause for she was drinking alcohol ââ¬â a known derivative of an unhealthy child ââ¬â a child resembling the ââ¬Å"shadow of a cloud moving across the field of grainâ⬠(2). Ultimately, Hills like White Elephants has very clear descriptions referring to whether the story is about abortion or not. From the various implications as to the seriousness of their problem to how the symbols provided in the story all relate to purity and fertility. Based on Jigââ¬â¢s hard decision to choose, one can see how the character of Jig can be very pregnant and truly affected by the operation that is claimed to be simple by the American. The American, pushing her because he has an incentive ââ¬â his old life, does not want to change the mood of his life. The drinking, the travelling, the sigh tseeing ââ¬â all gone if she chooses to stay with the child. Although the term abortion is never stated, Hemingway could have chosen to omit the word to create a stronger story, increasing hostility amongst readers. Works Cited Hemingway, Ernest. HillsShow MoreRelatedHills Like White Elephants : A Critical Analysis1708 Words à |à 7 Pagesââ¬Å"Hills Like White Elephantsâ⬠: A Critical Analysis Introduction: One of the many themes in his stories for which Ernest Heming way is known, includes feminism. At Hemingwayââ¬â¢s time feminism was known as a famous movement and it affected many important writers like Octavia Butler and Virginia Woolf. Hemingway was a literary icon of his time and he was influenced by the political, social and human rights movements of his time. He was also touched by the hopelessness of women and how their thinkingRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Hills Like White Elephants1437 Words à |à 6 Pagesemotionally-driven) remarks that are made. For instance, when it is first mentioned that the girl stares off into the hills, she states that the hills look like white elephants, to which the man replies, almost indifferently, ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ve never seen one,â⬠to which the girl replies, ââ¬Å"No, you wouldnââ¬â¢t have.â⬠(804) The man then replies that what she says about him never (seeing a hill that looks like white elephants) doesnââ¬â¢t prove any thing. This exchange is only three relatively short lines; through this, however, one canRead MoreCritical Analysis on Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants Essay575 Words à |à 3 Pages The thing that makes, Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway such a powerful story is the subtlety with which it is told. Hemingway is commenting on subject matter which for the time would have been considered taboo, but does so without actually spelling it out for the reader. As the characters sit together drinking beer and talking, it becomes immediately apparent that there is something weighty between them and as the conversation continues, the reader can feel pressure building betweenRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Hills Like White Elephants By Ernest Hemingway1089 Words à |à 5 Pagesentire generation of aspiring writers who came after him. Hemingwayââ¬â¢s short and economical style is perhaps best displayed in his earlier work, most notably in his short stories, and one of his ea rliest, and most famous, short stories is ââ¬Å"Hills Like White Elephants.â⬠The story is about two people who are simply referred to as ââ¬Ëthe Americanââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëthe girl,ââ¬â¢ at a train station, waiting to catch the next express to Barcelona; they have drinks as they wait and they talk about the seemingly mundane, butRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Short Story ââ¬ËHills Like White Elephantsââ¬â¢ by Ernest Hemingway.1497 Words à |à 6 Pages------------------------------------------------- Critical Reading of Literature in English Critical Analysis of the short story ââ¬ËHills like White Elephantsââ¬â¢ by Ernest Hemingway. Word Count: 1367 Hills like White Elephants ââ¬â Ernest Hemingway ââ¬Å"Will Jig have the abortion and stay with the man; will Jig have the abortion and leave the man; or will Jig not have the abortion and win the man over to her point of view?â⬠(Hashmi, N, 2003). These are the three different scenarios that have beenRead Moreââ¬Å"the Lotteryâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Hills Like White Elephantsâ⬠Essay881 Words à |à 4 Pagesââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Hills like White Elephantsâ⬠Regardless of the type of society people live in controversial topics and cowardly individuals can create conflict. The stories ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠by Shirley Jackson and ââ¬Å"Hills like White Elephantsâ⬠by Ernest Hemingway implement this concept. ââ¬Å"The Lotteryâ⬠is about a small town that holds an annual lottery in which the winner will be killed. ââ¬Å"Hills like White Elephantsâ⬠is the story of a coupleââ¬â¢s discussion over the decision they must make of whether orRead More Analysis of Hills Like White Elephants Essay1049 Words à |à 5 PagesAnalysis of Hills Like White Elephants ââ¬Å"Hills Like White Elephantsâ⬠, by Ernest Hemingway, is a short story published in 1927 that takes place in a train station in Spain with a man and a woman discussing an operation. Most of the story is simply dialogue between the two characters, the American and Jig. This couple is at a critical point in their lives when they must decide whether or not to have an abortion. Certain themes arise from this story such as choices and consequences, doubtRead MoreEssay about Modernism: Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway1578 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe restricted human spirit. It had no trust in the moral conventions and codes of the past. One of the examples of modernism, that breaks the conventions and traditions of literature prior to Modernism, is Ernest Hemingwayââ¬â¢s short story ââ¬Å"Hills Like White Elephantsâ⬠. The short story uses plot, symbolism, setting, dialogue, and a new style of writing to allow human spirit to experiment with meaning a nd interpretation. Some of the characteristics of Modernism are: a desire to break conventions and establishedRead MoreHills Like White Elephants, a Theme Analysis Essay1243 Words à |à 5 PagesHemmingway uses time, place, and symbolism in Hills like White Elephants to intensify the central dilemma in a story about a man and a woman deciding on whether to go through with an abortion. Although a literal reading of the title may not seem to have any relation to the story, the title is rich in implications. Critics suggest that Hills refers to the shape of a womans stomach when pregnant, and Websters 21st Century Dictionary defines white elephant as: [An] awkward, useless possession. Read MoreThe Tell Tale Heart Analysis1295 Words à |à 6 PagesIt can also be said that the style utilizes realistic techniques using narratives with surreal or dreamlike elements. An example of Magic realism in Sherman Alexieââ¬â¢s short story is how Thomas Builds-the-fire jumped off the roof and flapped his arms lik e an eagle. They describes him as ââ¬Å"flyingâ⬠. The story also likens his broken arm to that of a broken ââ¬Å"wingâ⬠. Sherman Alexie uses this technique as he is an Indigenous American with ancestry for many different Native American tribes. What are the characteristics Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-14223708393286063892019-12-23T08:17:00.001-08:002019-12-23T08:17:03.940-08:00Legalizing Marijuana Can Benefit Everyone in America The legalization of marijuana is going to be beneficial to all in the U.S. because they will either be affected directly or indirectly from it. One reason why we should legalize marijuana is to help stop the Drug Cartels from illegally importing marijuana to this country and making millions every year from it, all of our currency is being exported out without being counted, which again is illegal. Legalizing marijuana will also benefit people with certain medical problems; in a way you can save lives if you legalize it. Now a day we all know how bad our National Debt is; if you legalize marijuana you can help with the debt by taxing on marijuana. Legalizing marijuana can benefit everyone in America. Marijuana these days is causing indefinite amount of problems because it is not legal. Since it is not legal in the U.S., Drug Cartels are taking advantage of that and illegally importing their products across the border by the use of ââ¬Å"Drug Mulesâ⬠or underground tunnels. That hurts us tremendously, since we invest millions of dollars every year to strengthen our border security to, but they always find a way to get it into the country because of high demand and price for illegal marijuana. Drug Cartels are also taking millions to billions of dollars illegally out of our economy, which is not helping our National Debt. If we legalize marijuana we can prevent the Drug Cartels from making money because people will have an easier way to buy it and we can also regulate howShow MoreRelatedIt Is Time to Legalize Marijana1700 Words à |à 7 PagesLegalize It! Growing up, everyone is told that, ââ¬Å"Drugs are bad for you,â⬠time and time again. 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I remember being told this my entire life and even to this very day. But as I got older I realized that people would still use drugs even though itââ¬â¢s illegal. I could never understand why someone would go against the law and jeopardize their life just to use drugs? The drug thatRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?972 Words à |à 4 PagesMarijuana Legalization For thousands of years, marijuana has been used for a myriad of purposes ranging from medical use to recreational use. Although small steps are being for marijuana legalization across the country, there is still a long way to go. Some folks argue that marijuana is a gateway drug and impairs judgement, causing people to act recklessly. However, extensive studies have been conducted on the effects, risks, and benefits of marijuana, and have proven marijuana to be safer thanRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1615 Words à |à 7 PagesGrowing up, everyone has been taught that Drugs are bad. As kids, we nodded and promised not to be influenced by drugs; however, many people in society today are drug users or addicts. If legalized, marijuana would benefit the United States in terms of health, economy, and social reparations. Marijuana restriction laws may have a huge effect on underage usage. There has been similar evidence from the regulation of tobacco and alcohol. The correlation of smoking and drinking limits with the loweredRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1579 Words à |à 7 PagesLegalize Marijuana Marijuana consumption has become a very prominent sub-culture within the United States with users including virtually everyone from teenagers to the elderly people. Some individuals use it because they enjoy the feeling they get from smoking or eating it, whereas others use it for medical reasons. Marijuana is starting to become decriminalized in most states, with Colorado and Washington having already made it legal for recreational use. Moreover, a handful of states throughoutRead MoreLegalizing The Legalization Of Marijuana1012 Words à |à 5 Pagesthe problem. Evident by Colorado and Washington, ââ¬Å"the legalization of marijuana can stop most of these possession arrestsâ⬠(Levine). After the first opening of the first retail marijuana stores on January 1, 2014, Colorado had decreased crime rates, decreased traffic fatalities and increase in economic output (DPA). Since 2010, the marijuana possession arrest have went down 84% since its legalization. The tactic of legalizi ng, controlling, and discouraging has been proposed by the Economist, a weeklyRead MoreLegalization of Marijuana: Know the Facts before Choosing a Side1594 Words à |à 7 Pagespossession of marijuana. Throughout this countryââ¬â¢s history, marijuana has been used as a productive attribute to society. In the 17th century, the production of hemp, the plant which marijuana is diverted from, was in fact encouraged by the government. While leaving the 60ââ¬â¢s and 70ââ¬â¢s decades, marijuana became looked down upon for social media became more conservative and more hard on crime. Marijuana, like any other drug, may come with adverse side effects but the scale of societal benefits would greatlyRead MoreEssay on Why Marijuana Should Not be Legalized1595 Words à |à 7 PagesLegalization or decriminalization of marijuana is opposed by a vast majority of Americanââ¬â¢s and people around the world. Leaders in Marijuana prevention, education, treatment, and law enforcement adam antly oppose the substance, as do many political leaders. However, pro-drug advocacy groups, who support the use of illegal drugs, are making headlines. They are influencing decision making thru legislation and having a significant impact on the national policy debate here in the United States and Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-43455710322167400132019-12-15T04:47:00.001-08:002019-12-15T04:47:02.656-08:00The Basic Concept Of Ppsmi Education Essay Free Essays The whole thought of a good instruction system is to fix out kids so that they are better prepared to confront the challenges of globalisation, liberalisation every bit good as the fast development in today ââ¬Ës information and communicating engineerings. To enable our state to make this we needed competent and resilient human capital that is able to confront the challenges locally and internationally. In order to bring forth this sort of human capital, authorities had come out with few policies in instruction system. We will write a custom essay sample on The Basic Concept Of Ppsmi Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the policies was PPSMI that was introduced in 2003 and later it is abolished in 2012. The basic construct of PPSMI ââ¬â the instruction and acquisition of scientific discipline and mathematics in English The virtues of PPSMI ââ¬â the instruction and acquisition of scientific discipline and mathematics in English The demerits of PPSMI ââ¬â the instruction and acquisition of scientific discipline and mathematics in English Summary. The basic construct of PPSMI The instruction and acquisition of scientific discipline and mathematics in English or in short known as PPSMI, that stands for Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Sains dan Matematik Dalam Bahasa InggerisA is a authorities policy aimed at bettering the bid of the English linguistic communication among pupils at primary and secondary schools inA Malaysia. Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad, whom was the premier curate at the minute introduced this policy in 2003. However, since it was introduced, PPSMI has been a heated topic and has been debated among faculty members, politicians and even in society until the Deputy Prime Minister, Tan SriA Muhyiddin Yassin announced the policy ââ¬Ës reversal in 2012. Harmonizing to the Deputy Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin in The Star ( 2009 ) , the spread between rural and urban pupils has widened since PPSMI started. Merely 19.2 % of secondary instructors and 9.96 % of primary instructors were sufficiently proficient in English. He said this one of the grounds the Cabinet has decided that the medium of direction for Math and Science will return to Bahasa Malaysia in national schools and mother-tongue linguistic communications in national-type schools from 2012 onwards and the reversal of the instruction of Math and Science in English ( PPSMI ) policy will be conducted in phases. The virtues of PPSMI Back so, the medium for communicating in instruction system was chiefly used our mother-tongue, Malay linguistic communication. Then in order to develop the state, the premier curate at that clip, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad proposed a policy that changed the medium of direction from the Malay linguistic communication to English for the instruction and acquisition of Science and Mathematics topics. Basically the policy was made based on the authorities ââ¬Ës concern on the state ââ¬Ës human capital development towards accomplishing the criterion of a developed state, every bit good as an early readying to vie in the epoch of globalisation. Kim ( 2011 ) stated that scientific discipline and mathematics are two chief Fieldss that form the footing and have a important function in the advancement and development of a state. Besides, the turning watercourse of transmutations and finds in these two Fieldss happen quickly and information entree in these Fieldss is largely in the English linguistic communication excessively. So, the command in this linguistic communication would do us easier to acquire the cognition in scientific discipline and mathematics. Though by presenting PPSMI is non the best method to better English, it is however a worthy enterprise that will convey the duplicate benefits of betterment in English every bit good as ready connectivity to the universe of scientific discipline and engineering. Harmonizing to Kim ( 2011 ) , oppositions of PPSMI ever make Russia and China as an illustration that one can lodge to one ââ¬Ës national linguistic communication and yet accomplish outstanding advancement in scientific discipline and technology.A But these critics forget that states like Russia and China have large populations and their people are good equipped with cognition in scientific discipline and engineering comparison to us, Malaysians that largely still depends on aliens. One more thing is about the resources. English text books are already widely used in our establishments of higher acquisition excessively, so why must we halt the instruction of mathematics and scientific discipline in English at an earlier age and change over back to Malay linguistic communication? The merely acceptable ground for halting PPSMI should merely because of the deficiency of English-proficient instructors. They did non hold sufficient preparation to be able to learn efficaciously. However, many options can be conducted to develop them. After that, all they needed is sufficient clip to accommodate to the alteration and later travel frontward to run into the challenges. In decision, we can straight see that the policy determination to implement PPSMI was made to do certain pupils ââ¬Ë command in scientific discipline and mathematics in position of the fact that most of the beginnings are available in the English linguistic communication. Indirectly, it is besides hoped that the execution of PPSMI would lend to the enhancing of pupils ââ¬Ë bid of the linguistic communication. The demerits of PPSMI Even though PPSMI seemed to be a good policy to be implemented in our instruction system, after much idea and considerations from experts, non-governmental organisations and concerned persons about the impact of PPSMI on pupil acquisition, the authorities decided to get rid of the instruction and acquisition of Science and Mathematics in English. Harmonizing to an article ââ¬ËWhy PPSMI is abolished ââ¬Ë in The Star newspaper, the cabinet found that during the execution of PPSMI merely 4 % of Mathematicss and Science instructors used 90 % or more of English in the instruction and acquisition of the two topics. A mixture of Bahasa Malaysia and English was used more by them and the instructors had to often exchange to Bahasa Malaysia in their instruction because pupils could non understand their lessons in English. To turn out the statement above, a survey conducted by a group of educationalists from the Universiti Perguruan Sultan Idris ( UPSI ) revealed that 70 % of Form Two pupils found it difficult to larn Mathematicss and Science in English. Another survey done by a Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia ( UKM ) professor concluded that PPSMI hampered pupils ââ¬Ë ability to understand Mathematicss and Science constructs, hence ensuing in their hapless public presentation in these two topics. The cabinet besides stated that lone pupils with good bid of English benefited from PPSMI while others who lack of proficiency in English became victims. So, obviously it is unjust to these pupils if the authorities decide to go on with the policy. ââ¬Å" Apart from holding to larn a linguistic communication which is non their female parent lingua, our kids are being made to analyze the two topics in English every bit good, â⬠A Muhyidin said, adding that surveies had besides shown that pupils would break understand a topic if it was taught in their female parent lingua. The determination to change by reversal to Bahasa Malaysia is in line with the place taken by Unesco that the female parent lingua is the best medium of direction in schools. As we can see the current coevals of attorneies, comptrollers, scientists, technocrats, and other professionals are the merchandise of our National Education System where Bahasa Malaysia is the medium of direction in schools. Therefore, it has proven that Bahasa Malaysia is an effectual medium of direction in the national schools. Drumhead All in all, whether it is the execution or reversal of PPSMI, the biggest also-rans are still pupils in Malaysia. So it is of import that wise actions must be done by every party to assist the pupils from being victim to the unsteady policies in Malaysia educational system. However before authorities want to present new policy, surely they did some researches before it was implemented and same goes to the new policy that replaces PPSMI now. Although PPSMI is no longer used as a medium of direction at schools, the desire to get the hang English should non be stopped in our immature coevalss because our state needs a population that is competent in English to must bring forth top class workers who will be able to vie in the globalised universe. In relation to this, the Education Ministry has taken comprehensive steps to better our pupils ââ¬Ë bid of English through the new policy, Strengthening English Language ( MBI ) policy. Besides that, there are several ways that authorities attempts to make in order to guarantee pupils get a good bid in English linguistic communication for illustration bettering the methods of instruction and acquisition of English in schools, increasing English hours and engaging quality English instructors, including from abroad, to assist our pupils be proficient in English. The support from all parents excessively is another cardinal factor to heighten the quality of our instruction and better pupil acquisition. How to cite The Basic Concept Of Ppsmi Education Essay, Essay examples Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-70026868393672566382019-12-07T01:30:00.001-08:002019-12-07T01:30:03.702-08:00Candide A Contrast To Optimism Essay Example For Students Candide A Contrast To Optimism Essay Candide A Contrast To Optimism Essay Candide A Contrast to Optimism Francois Marie Arouet de Voltaire was the French author of the novella Candide, also known as Optimism(Durant and Durant 724). In Candide, Voltaire sought to point out the fallacy of Gottfried William von Leibnizs theory of optimism and the hardships brought on by the resulting inaction toward the evils of the world. Voltaires use of satire, and its techniques of exaggeration and contrast highlight the evil and brutality of war and the world in general when men are meekly accepting of their fate. Leibniz, a German philosopher and mathematician of Voltaires time, developed the idea that the world they were living in at that time was the best of all possible worlds. This systematic optimism shown by Leibniz is the philosophical system that believed everything already was for the best, no matter how terrible it seemed. In this satire, Voltaire showed the world full of natural disasters and brutality. Voltaire also used contrast in the personalities of the characters to convey the message that Leibnizs philosophy should not be dealt with any seriousness. Leibniz, sometimes regarded as a Stoic or Fatalist because his philosophies were based on the idea that everything in the world was determined by fate, theorized that God, having the ability to pick from an infinite number of worlds, chose this world, the best of all possible worlds. Although Voltaire chose that simple quality of Leibnizs philosophy to satirize, Leibniz meant a little more than just that. Even though his philosophy stated that God chose the best of all possible worlds, he also meant that God, being the perfection he is, chose the best world available to him, unfortunately it was a world containing evil. It seems as though Voltaire wanted to ridicule Leibnizs philosophy so much that he chose to satirize only the literal meaning and fatal acceptance of evil of Leibnizs philosophy. To get his point across in Candide, Voltaire created the character Dr. Pangloss, an unconditional follower of Leibnizs philosophy. Voltaire shows this early in the novella by stating, He proved admirably that there is no effect without a cause and that, in this best of all possible worlds. (16) Pangloss goes on to say that everything had its purpose and things were made for the best. For example, the nose was created for the purpose of wearing spectacles (Voltaire 16). Because of his great knowledge, Candide, at this point a very naive and impressionable youth, regards Pangloss as the greatest philosopher in the world, a reverence that will soon be contradicted by contact with reality (Frautschi 75). The name Pangloss is translated as all tongue and windbag. The colloquialism windbag implies that a person is all talk, and he takes no action. In this case, Leibnizs philosophy is Stoic acceptance of the evil of the world. As the story progresses, though, Pangloss loses faith in the Leibnizian philosophy. Although Pangloss suffered many hardships, he still sticks to the philosophy to avoid contradicting himself (Frautschi 69). Voltaire uses Pangloss and a contrasting character, Martin, to point out the shortcomings in Leibnizs philosophy. A contrast to the views of Pangloss is the character Martin. Martin, a pessimist, is a friend and advisor to Candide whom he meets on his journey. Martin continuously tries to prove to Candide that there is little virtue, morality, and happiness in the world. When a cheerful couple is seen walking and singing, Candide tells Martin, At least you must admit that these people are happy (80). Martin answers Candides comment with the reply, I wager they are not (80). Martin suggests that Candide invite the couple to dine at . Social Justice In Education Essay Another contrast to this best of all possible worlds is Eldorado. Voltaire describes Eldorado as an extremely peaceful and serene country. Eldorado, a place that is impossible to find, has no laws, jails, war, or need for material goods. Voltaire uses Eldorado as an epitome of the best of all possible worlds. It contrasts the real outside world in which war and suffering are everyday occurrences. Another . Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-10962505940261685972019-11-29T13:11:00.001-08:002019-11-29T13:11:04.803-08:00A Sustainable Management for the Conservation of the Galapagos Islands Ecological System Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-81076755137774482222019-11-25T16:49:00.001-08:002019-11-25T16:49:03.229-08:00Internet Site Evaluation essaysInternet Site Evaluation essays The six websites designed for students that were examined were Education 4 Kids, Jiskha Homework Help, I Know That.Com, Education Place, Kidzone Fun Facts For Kids, and National Geographic Homework Help. Education 4 Kids offered drill games and lots of free activities for students of all ages. Jiskha provided homework help in an organized format in which students are able to post questions on a help forum as well as submit questions to experts and teachers. I Know That.Com had several engaging activities, and used animation and bright colors and images to captivate student audiences. Education Place had games and activities in many subject areas, and included a list of books for students to read and then complete quizzes on-line. Kidzone had interesting facts on several topics, but the layout and visual appeal of the website was lacking. Finally, the National Geographic Homework Help website contained a wealth of information for students about several topics in a format that was easy The six websites designed for teachers that were examined were TeacherHelp, Teachers Helping Teachers, DisciplineHelp.com, Sites For Teachers, Yahooligans! Teachers' Guide, and A to Z Teacher Stuff. TeacherHelp contained current articles, lesson plans, and information on workshops. Teachers Helping Teachers was a user-friendly site with lesson plans, resource links, and weekly topic discussions. DisciplineHelp.com focused on behavioral management in the classroom and included solutions to 117 misbehaviors. Sites For Teachers was a resourceful site that contains 15 pages of titles and descriptions of websites designed for teachers. Yahooligans! Teachers' Guide provided information for teachers regarding Internet literacy, lesson plans and resources, with several activity ideas. A to Z Teacher Stuff was created for teachers by teachers and it contains thousands of lesson plans, tips, art... Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-77209368199534923112019-11-22T00:13:00.001-08:002019-11-22T00:13:03.572-08:00Evaluation of advertisement campaign Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 wordsEvaluation of advertisement campaign - Essay Example Interestingly, the overall mobile phone market is growing at a faster pace than predicted, which signifies the immense potentiality of the industry. So the big question revolves around this mammoth progress and whether it is triggered by product innovation only or any other factors that had led to this colossal growth and development of the industry (Campbell, 2009). On deeper analysis, it has been observed that the role of advertisement is paramount in the development. One of the key trends of this industry is that companies invest large sums of money to create awareness about their products and services and these investments pay off to a great extent (Clifton, 2012). The market size of this industry is so large that almost every player has space for themselves. However, a company with better advertisement strategy and campaign experiences greater success. Thus, the impact of advertisement on the growth of mobile phone industry is clearly visible (Adler, 2010). In this report, the i mpact of advertisement on the growth and development of a product will be addressed. However, the study will not be accomplished in the usual way like, industry analysis, which identifies the way or the extent to which advertising plays an effective role. Rather the study will select an advertising campaign of a company belonging to the mobile phone industry. In this context, the advertising campaign by Samsung will be chosen and the same will be evaluated. Campaign Strategy/ Rationale Advertising is a necessary activity to all businesses for the sole purpose of generating awareness about the products and services and at the same time, influencing the target customers to buy the product. It is impossible to sell a product without letting the customers know about it (Aarika-Stenroos and Sandberg, 2012). Thus, advertising is dubbed as a tool that helps to draw attention of the consumers towards the products or services of the company. Advertisement campaigns can be carried out through various mediums such as, television, radio, social media or any other traditional forms. Usually, a company targets several groups of customer on the bases of the product characteristics and consumer requirements and as a result of that, the company makes use of more than one channel so as to ensure that the messages of the company reach every target audience. Several scholars have even emphasized on the fact that advertising campaigns are the means that help a company to sustain in the marketplace (Alle, 2000; Amit and Zott, 2001). Furthermore, echoing the same statement, another set of industry experts and academicians have pointed out that advertising campaigns along with product promotion also greatly helps in understanding the requirements of the consumers as well as the sort of prices that the customers are willing to pay for the ownership of a particular product. Advertisement campaigns also play indispensable roles in updating the consumers about the new developments and pr oduct launches (Ballon, 2007). Hence, it creates customer loyalty that in turn brings sustainable competitive advantage for the firm. However, one of the key aspects of companies, undertaking advertisement campaigns, is that each campaign has a particular rationale i.e. advertisement campaigns are designed in such a manner that it succeeds to fulfil one of the crucial objectives of the firm Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-89268378235491690672019-11-20T18:36:00.001-08:002019-11-20T18:36:04.892-08:00Corporate communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 wordsCorporate communications - Essay Example The corporate communication should be a manifestation of the organizationââ¬â¢s responsibility towards society. Let us analyze Nike example regarding the same. Nike has been attacked by NGOs constantly for its attitude for its manufacturing units overseas. Nike claims itself to be a marketing firm rather than a manufacturing one. It entirely out sources its manufacturing and contracts the work across the globe. However more than once it has been embarrassed by the attacks on its overseas operations. In the year 1996, there was a child labor issue when a major story in the Life magazine featured a photograph of a very young Pakistani boy sewing a Nike Soccer ball. In response the co announced that it will raise the minimum age of the factory workers. In the 1970s most Nike shoes were made in Taiwan and South Korea. When the labor in these countries started to organize themselves for better wages and working conditions the company shifted its activities to Indonesia, China and also Vietnam. It is analyzed that Nike preferred these countries due to their poor enforcement of labor laws and also cheap labor availability. However in October 2000 , the BBC exposed Nike factory in Cambodia which broke its own strict code of conduct and rules. Post this, Nike promised to remove all underage workers from its factories and assured to pay for their education till the age of 16. In 1997, Nike was exposed for its hazardous conditions in south-east Asian factories where the labor was subjected to toxic material and fumes. All this while Nike tried to avoid responsibility for factory conditions by saying that they are ââ¬Å"just buyersâ⬠, but the anti-sweatshop movement has refused to accept the excuse. The movement also forced Nike to take responsibility for the workers who make their products. The company incorporated CSR into its overall business strategy, which was necessary for its survival. The question arises that did Nike have to wait for the Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-89336990203396251352019-11-18T19:32:00.001-08:002019-11-18T19:32:05.031-08:00Case summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3Case summary - Essay Example For instance, Paula can be unfamiliar with new bedding standard of the hotel. One more possible reason is that Paula finds it difficult to fit to this standard because it challenges her usual pace of work. Lisa does not consider these options at all; her evaluation of Paulas work seems to be too subjective. I believe that Lisa treats Paula differently from other housekeepers. According to her opinion, cleaning is physically hard and even younger employees ââ¬Å"are challengedâ⬠. Despite Paulas high quality of work, Lisa speaks about Paulas age negatively. If I were a manager, I would not believe Lisa because her evaluation is discriminatory. All people have to be treated equally at work despite their age, sex, gender, religion etc. In order to make the right decision, I will check whether Paula really cannot meet the standard of the hotel. To resolve the issue, I would advise Lisa to talk with Paula about new bedding standards and her performance. As Paulas line manager, Lisa has to give her a constructive feedback about her performance. She has to mention both good and bad aspects of Paulas work to show that her contribution to the team is appreciated. Moreover, Lisa has to make sure that Paula is familiar with new bedding standard. If she finds it difficult to fit it, Lisa can offer her a training program. There are younger housekeepers who are also challenged by new bedding standard. They can join Paula and learn from her how to boost their quality of work. Younger employees can benefit from cooperation with Paula because she has a profound work experience and well-developed skills. At the same time, Paula can adapt to new norms quicker if she is assisted by someone from her team. It is obvious that there are some serious issue with team work between housekeepers. Paulas performance can get worse because she is treated as an outsider by her team. As the Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-16936866178702545102019-11-16T08:05:00.001-08:002019-11-16T08:05:13.436-08:00Chocolate: History and BenefitsChocolate: History and Benefits CHOCOLATE Chocolate has become one of the most popular food types and flavors in the world. Gifts of chocolate molded into different shapes have become traditional on certain holidays: chocolate bunnies and eggs are popular on Easter, chocolate coins on Hanukkah, Santa Claus and other holiday symbols on Christmas, and hearts on Valentines Day. Chocolate is also used in cold and hot beverages, to produce chocolate milk and hot chocolate. Most of us know chocolate as a deliciously decadent sweet that we eat in cookies, cakes, candy bars, and other desserts. But around the world, many people have prepared chocolate as a bitter, frothy drink or even as part of a main meal served at dinnertime. And, chocolate isnt simply a snack or key ingredient in cooking. Over the centuries, many cultures have used the seeds from which chocolate is made cacao , as a sacred symbol in religious ceremonies. Plus, medicinal remedies featuring chocolate have been used as household curatives across the globe. You might think from where chocolate comes from or what it was chocolate below will be discussed on the chocolate : Chocolate. Chocolate comes from cacao tree. Cultivation of cacao trees can occur only in tropical climates, 20 degrees north or south of the equator. A growing regions including West Africa, Brazil, Ecuador and the Indies. Generally, it takes five years before the trees start bearing fruit in the form of pods. Each pod contains an average of 20-40 cocoa cream. Nearly 400 seeds needed to make one pound of chocolate liquor, semi-liquid mass produced by grinding the seeds. A non-alcoholic substances, Chocolate liquor is the basis of all chocolate products and cocoa. Once harvested, the beans had fermented, where they begin to develop their characteristic brown color. Then dry the seeds and sent to the United States and countries other chocolate industry, where producers of chocolate and roasted seeds clean. After the abolition of its outer shell, seeds will be broken into smaller pieces known as meat, or nibs. The nibs, which contain an average of 53% cocoa butter, and then ground, producing enough heat to melt the cocoa butter and cocoa liquor to produce. Chocolate can be processed into cocoa powder by pressing most of the cocoa butter from chocolate liquor. Dutched cocoa powder, cocoa powder is natural to neutralize the acidity. Having a darker color and different flavors. The word chocolate comes from xocoatl (Aztec language) which means a bitter drink. The Aztecs and Maya in Mexico believe that the god of Agriculture has sent chocolate that comes from heaven to them. Cortes then took him to Spain between the years 1502-1528, and by the Spanish people are mixed with the bitter drink that sugar tastes better. Brown then spread to France, the Netherlands and the UK. In the year 1765 chocolate factory was established in Massachusetts, United States. A Brief History of Chocolate from . ââ¬Å"Creative Chocolateâ⬠History of Chocolate Christopher Columbus is believed the first European to discover chocolate. When Columbus returned to Spain in 1502 from the fourth voyage to the New World, he introduced many treasures to the palace of King Ferdinand. Among them were cocoa beans, almond-shaped seeds of the cacao tree which is the source of all chocolate and cocoa products we enjoy today. Several decades later, during the conquest of Mexico, Spanish explorer, Hernando Cortez, found Aztec Indians using cocoa beans to prepare a drink called chocolatl, which means warm liquid. Aztec Emperor Montezuma, who reportedly drank 50 or more servings each day, serving guests this royal drink ceremony at the gold cup, treat it like nectar to the gods. In fact, the botanical name of the cacao tree, Theobroma cacao, pays homage to the myth of origin. Translated from the Greek, Theobroma means food of the gods. Aztecs believed that the prophets had brought cocoa beans to their lands. Thus, beans are a valuable commodity, not only to be used as king beverage but also as a medium of exchange. Four cacao beans is the price of a turkey, for example. Cortez, chocolatl described as divine drink that build resistance and fights fatigue, and the like, conceived the idea of sweetening the bitter drink with cane sugar. Recipe for sweet, frothy drink undergone some more changes in Spain, where newly discovered spices such as cinnamon and vanilla are added to taste. Spain wisely began to plant cacao trees on property overseas, but leave the processing of cocoa beans to monasteries under a veil of secrecy. They save the recipe to themselves for nearly 100 years, but the secret was finally leaked to the whole of Europe. As first, chocolate is restricted to the nobility. In fact, the Spanish Princess Maria Theresa presented cacao seeds as an engagement gift Louis XIV, and brown quickly became anger of the Court of French style. Famous historical figures Casanova and Madame DuBarry both believed that chocolate was conducive to romance. So, chocolate became popular in 1657 the first of many English chocolate houses was founded, to serving drinks to the general public. Chocolate arrived in the American colonies in 1765, when the first chocolate factory opened in New England. Even Thomas Jefferson praised the goodness of chocolate, describing the benefits of chocolate for health and food. Brown mass production begins when the steam engine invented by James Watt in 1770, the engine in the cocoa grinding process, which replaces time-consuming hand-making methods. The discovery of cocoa press in 1828 by CJ Van Houten did much to improve the quality of the drink by pressing out part of the cocoa butter, the fat that occurs naturally in cocoa beans. In the mid-19th century, two significant developments revolutionized the chocolate industry. In 1847, an English company introduced solid eating chocolate. Now the public can enjoy eating chocolate out of the hands or in the form of drinks. Three decades later, in Vevey, Switzerland, Daniel Peter found that milk can be added to chocolate to create a new product, just called milk chocolate. Since then, chocolate has been made in the form of solid bar and to put candy, as well as a baked goods, ice cream, and taste of milk. The value of chocolate as a portable food for both the energy and enthusiasm has long been known. The following are some types of chocolate can be distinguished, namely: 1.Pure chocolate pure chocolate here is unsweetened chocolate, especially chocolate contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in various proportions. It also most chocolate consumed today is in the form of sweet chocolate, the combination of chocolate with sugar. 2. Milk chocolate sweet The chocolate with added milk powder or condensed milk, or used in the call Whith chocolate contains cocoa butter, sugar, and milk but no cocoa solids. 3. Dark chocolate This serves as chocolate health benefits, because it has antioxidants in large quantities and can reduce free radical formation. Dark chocolate also has functions to reduce the possibility of a heart attack when consumed regularly in a small amount. 4. White chocolate formed from a mixture of sugar, cocoa butter and milk solids. Although texture is similar to milk and dark chocolate, but white chocolate contains no cocoa solids. Therefore, many countries do not regard as entirely white chocolate. Because not contain cocoa solids, white chocolate does not contain theobromine, which means it can be consumed by animals. 5. Semisweet chocolate that is a dark brown with a low sugar content. Bittersweet chocolate namely chocolate in form of liquor given a little sugar, with more cocoa butter, vanilla and sometimes lecithin has been added. chocolate is also less sugar and alcohol. 6.Unsweetened chocolate which is pure chocolate liquor, also known as bitter or baking chocolate. This is pure chocolate: pure, ground, roasted cacao beans instill strong chocolate taste 7. Cocoa butter is a natural fat from cocoa beans. Has a soft aroma of chocolate, but it was very bitter. It is used to give body, smoothness, and taste for chocolate. Or liquor can be poured into molds, cooled and hardened into without sugar, or cake, chocolate. The higher the cocoa butter content, the thinner the viscosity of the final chocolate product. The majority of chocolate in Europe has a cocoa butter content is higher than that made in America. Chocolate plus cocoa butter, sugar and vanilla aroma processed to produce a dark, aromatic chocolate. Different chocolate liquor ratios produce sweet, semisweet and bitter chocolate. To make chocolate milk, whole fresh milk is added to this mixture. White chocolate is a mixture of cocoa butter, sugar, milk and vanilla made flavoring. Some manufacturers use pure chocolate, not made with pure vanilla vanillin as a flavoring and use milk solids rather than whole milk. Some dark chocolate can contain milk products. Approximately two-thirds of the total world cocoa produced in West Africa, with 43% sourced from Cà ´te dIvoire. According to the World Cocoa Foundation, some 50 million people around the world depend on cocoa as a source of livelihood in the UK, most of them bought their chocolate from chocolatiers, melt, mold and package their own designs. Although some disagreement in the EU about the definition, chocolate is any product made primarily of cocoa and cocoa solid fats. Production costs can be reduced by reducing cocoa solid content or by replacing cocoa butter with non-fat cocoa. Cocoa farmers object to allowing the resulting food is called brown, because the risk of lower demand for their crops. There are two main tasks associated with creating chocolate candy, chocolate makers and chocolatiers. Chocolate makers use harvested cacao beans and other ingredients to produce couverture chocolate. Chocolatiers use the finished couverture to make chocolate candies (bars, truffles, etc.) Cacao Varieties Small cacao tree, the tree-understory trees that need rich, well drained soil. They grow naturally in 20 degrees of both sides of the equator because they need about 2,000 millimeters of rainfall per year, and temperatures in the range of 21-32 degrees Celsius. Cacao tree can not tolerate temperatures lower than 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit) These three main varieties of cacao beans used in chocolate is criollo, forastero and trinitario. Representing only five percent of all cocoa beans grown : 1. criollo is the rarest and most expensive in the cocoa market and the native Central America, Caribbean islands and the north American countries Selatan.Ada some dispute about the genetic purity of cocoas sold today as Criollo, because most of the affected populations have different genetic varieties . Criollos are difficult to grow, because they are vulnerable to environmental threats and produce low results of cocoa per tree. Criollo taste is described as a complex yet delicate, classic chocolate low, but rich in secondary notes of long duration. 2. the most common are peanuts forastero, a large group of wild and cultivated cacaos, most likely the original Amazon. African cocoa crops entirely from various Forastero. They are significantly hardier and higher yields than Criollo. Source of most chocolate marketed, usually forastero cocoas strong in classic chocolate flavor, but it has a short duration and not supported by a secondary sense, to produce soft enough chocolate. 3 . Trinitario a natural hybrid of Criollo and Forastero. Trinitario originated in Trinidad after an introduction to Forastero local Criollo crop. Almost all the cocoa production for five decades is of lower Forastero or Trinitario class varieties. Chocelate is one of the snacks that are very much the favorite by many people ranging from children, young people, adults, even old people. maybe a lot of people ask if too much chocolate will be much negative impact to your body. maybe one of you who want to ask about it. a lot of people assume that the chocolate most damaging their limbs have also thinks that chocolate healthy for the body. many of the arguments coming from people who do not necessarily true certainty The following will be discussed on chocelate functions for the body Y Gynecology chocolate and function According to Mayan belief, chocolate is the food of the gods. Beans original flavor is bitter due to alkaloid content, but after going through the process engineering can produce chocolate as a food favored by anyone. Cocoa beans contain 31% fat, carbohydrates and protein 14% 9%. Chocolate is rich in protein amino acid tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosin. Although chocolate contains a high-fat, but relatively easy to rancidity because chocolate also contains polyphenols (6%) which functions as an antioxidant ketengikan deterrent. Fat in chocolate, often called cocoa butter, mostly composed of saturated fat (60%), especially stearic. But the brown fat is a vegetable fat that did not contain cholesterol. To keep pressing the saturated fat that is not too high, it is better to limit eating chocolate just one cigarette per day and consumes mebatasi supplement or other food containing catechins such as apple and tea. In research involving human subjects, found that consumption of brown fat to produce total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol lower than the consumption of butter or beef fat. So although both saturated fat but the effect was produced different cholesterol. High content of stearic to chocolate allegedly the reason why brown fat is not as bad as animal fats. Have long been known that stearic acid is a neutral fat that will not trigger blood cholesterol. Why? Stearic was digested slowly by the body and also absorbed less. One third of fat found in chocolate is oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid. Oleic acid was also dominant in the olive oil. Epidemiological studies in a Mediterranean population consume a lot of oleic acid from olive oil oleic concluded positive effect on heart health. Eating chocolate will not cause addiction, but for some delicious chocolate may cause the desire to consume again. This is called Craving chocolate. The impact of chocolate on behavior and mood (mood) is closely related to Craving chocolate. Brown could miss because of the aroma, texture, sweet-bitter and so on. It is also often associated with the content Phenylethylamine is a substance similar amphetanine can increase absorption of tryptophan into the brain which then in turn produce dopamine. Impact of dopamine is a sense of fun and improved mood. Phenylethylamine is also considered to have aphrodisiac properties that give rise to a feeling like someone is falling in love (heart flowers). It is said that King Montezuma in ancient times always drunk chocolate before harem-harem rotate different every night. Catechins are powerful antioxidants contained in chocolate. One of the functions of antioxidants is to prevent premature aging that can occur due to pollution or radiation. Catechins are also found in tea even though there were not as high on chocolate. Parents are often ancient practice with a water wash of tea because it can make facial skin glowing and youthful. If they know that chocolate contains catechins is higher than the tea, maybe theyll suggest a shower scrubs with chocolate. Chocolate also contains theobromine and caffeine. Both these substances have been known to give effect to those who consume them awake. Therefore when we are dozing off at the airport or waiting for long queues, eating chocolate potent enough to make us excited again. A study reported by the BBC showed that the chocolate melts in the mouth resulted in increased brain activity and heart rate are more intense than that associated with passionate kisses, and also lasted four times longer after the activity ended. Y Circulatory Benefits Dark chocolate may have some beneficial effects on human health. This is mainly due to specific substances present in cocoa called epicatechin. Cacao has a significant antioxidant action, protecting against oxidation of LDL (bad fats), perhaps more than other polyphenol antioxidant-rich foods and beverages. Several studies have also observed modest reduction in blood pressure and flow-mediated dilation after consuming dark chocolate every day. Consuming milk chocolate or white chocolate, or drinking milk containing fat with dark chocolate, appears largely to negate the health benefits. Processed cocoa powder, processed with alkali greatly reduces the antioxidant capacity compared to the raw cocoa powder. Processing cocoa with alkali destroys most of the flavonoids. Y 1. Chocolate Power Boost Brain Function Chocolate contains many substances that are as stimulants such as theobromine, phenethylamine, and caffeine, compounds that have been found previously to be increased level of awareness and ability to concentrate. The results showed, by consuming chocolate can have stimulating effects that will make increased mental performance. Also chocolate can also improve memory both verbally and visually. Y 2. Prevent the risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes and cancer Brown has the ability to inhibit oxidation of LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) and improve immune function, thus preventing the risk of coronary heart disease and cancer. Y 3. Increase libido and durable power Why chocolate can be included in the list of food required during sexual activity? In his report tells Akunyili chocolate contains chemicals that have very diverse, in which predicted chocolate contains more than 300 chemical substances, including caffeine in small amounts, teobromin, and a stimulant called Phenylethylamine (associated with amphetamines) are also contained in chocolate, which proved could raise the interest and sexual function in eating chocolate. Y 4. Making age a person becomes longer Besides it felt good, ate beneficial chocolate making age a person becomes longer. By controlling the physical activity undertaken, smoking, and eating habits found that those who like to eat sweets / chocolates age older than one year are not eating. Allegedly contained phenol antioxidants in chocolate is the reason why they can outliv!! From all of the above explanations, there are many functions or nutrient content in the chocolate .. for the fans of chocolate or also called chocolaters do not be afraid to eat chocolate. because some studies say that chocolate can make us healthy heart .. but of course with the right dosage and not excessive in eating chocolate .. for that lets find out what content is on chocolate and its function Chocolate made from cocoa beans are rich in aromatic compounds called flavonoids, which are also found in tea leaves, fruits and vegetables. To date, more than 4000 kinds of flavonoids have been identified, including those contained in chocolate. Flavonoids act as antioxidants, neutralizing the bad effects of free radicals that can destroy cells and body tissues. One half ounce of dark chocolate bars only have about 800 milligrams of antioxidants, or the same amount as contained in a cup of black tea. Hmm amazing is not it? It was nice useful again. Although chocolate contains a high-fat, but relatively easy to rancid, because chocolate also contains polyphenols that act as antioxidants preventing bad smells. For the fat in chocolate, often called cocoa butter, vegetable fat that is totally not contain cholesterol. Even in the research, found that consumption of brown fat to produce a total cholesterol lower than the consumption of butter or beef fat. So although both saturated fat but the effect was produced different cholesterol. This means eating much more healthy chocolate. One third of fat found in chocolate is oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid. Oleic acid was also dominant in the olive oil. Epidemiological studies in a Mediterranean population consume a lot of oleic acid from olive oil oleic conclude a positive effect on heart health. Their heart is stronger than consume less chocolate. The question that often arises is how much we should eat chocolate? In the U.S., chocolate consumption contributes only 1 percent of the total fat intake as stated by the National Food Consumption Survey (1987-1998). This amount is relatively small, especially when compared with the contribution of meat (30%), cereals (22%), and milk (20%). Actually there is no definitive recommendations for nutrition, to chocolaters chocolate 2-3 times a week or drink chocolate milk every day is acceptable. Principles of nutrition that is actually easy to eat all kinds of food are moderate. Nutritional problems generally arise when we eat too much or too little. Chocolate in general most of the existing supply is chocolate bars or chocolate blocks and there are 2 types of divided, namely: 1. Couverture Chocolate Made from 100% chocolate derived from cacao beans outlined in the content of couverture chocolate is the cocoa mass and cocoa butter and sugar (for the type of dark chocolate, while milk and white for normal use milk solids in it to replace cocoa powder ) for bitter and sweet depending on the balance between the number of real chocolatenya with sugar. Besides it feels good, good for health but had a weakness in the storage and handling (especially for praline and somewhat sensitive to heat) 2. Inside the compound chocolate compound chocolate is almost the same composition with couverture chocolate, but cocoa butter is replaced by other vegetable fats are cheaper as coconut or soya oil. Cocoa butter is also sebenernya including vegetable fat, but why is the butter may have had the same yellow color and expensive like butter. In a sense tends to compound chocolate semi-sweet or sweet because a lot of understanding of bitter chocolate reply is not chocolate, but it is much easier handling. Compound chocolate is more often used for chocolate decoration and sometimes also to make Ganache, praline and others. In consideration of the price is much cheaper than couverture. We certainly never thought that the chocolate we enjoy often have many benefits. One of them was able to inhibit dementia brown. Just a piece of chocolate (Dark Chocolate) contains a type of antioxidant flavonols. Flavonols itself helps increase blood flow to the brain significantly. And indirectly increase the power But the chocolate sold in the market today contain low flavonol because most of the flavonols which had a bitter taste is removed. Also pay attention to the caloric content, because the chocolate bars sold high caloric content, so as to consume them still have to be limited. So still recommended choosing dark chocolate with cocoa content (cocoa content) 65-95%,. In addition to safe and healthy are also more tasty, although a little bitter Chocolate can manage mood (mood) .. Eating chocolate will not cause addiction, but chocolaters already know that chocolate has a sensation of pleasure that millions of forbidden to pass away. For some people enjoy the sensation of chocolate is very diverse, able to simply express affection or just add warmth chocolaters and couples. Also a nice chocolate may cause the desire to eat again. This is called Craving chocolate. Longing for chocolate aroma, texture, sweet, bitter, and sebagainya.cokelat can affect mood or even make people feel happy and enjoy when eating cokelate.We should learn more to know about pregnancy. So far the research results reveal that there is a correlation relationship between the content in chocolate with a positive mood effects. There are two very powerful substance to this, namely Phenylethylamine and Seratonin is a substance that triggers mood. Gynecology Phenylethylamine is a substance that can increase the absorption tryptophan (sedative substance content) into the brain which in turn produce dopamine. Impact of dopamine is a sense of fun and improved mood. Phenylethylamine is also considered to have properties that give rise to a feeling like someone in love. Other substances contained in chocolate is catechins. Catechins are powerful antioxidants contained in chocolate. One of the functions of antioxidants is to prevent premature aging that can occur due to pollution or radiation. Both substances are also produced by the human brain while having fun, love or passionate romance. So do not be surprised when we feel the mood changes after eating chocolate. . INILAH.COM, London you are suffering from a heart attack? From now on, do not be too worried. Take a chocolate snack at least twice a week. Risk of death from heart attack can be reduced. At least thats the latest research in the UK. Research results show, nearly 70% who loved chocolate reduces the risk of death from heart problems than those who only occasionally. Of course, what is meant here is not chocolate with high milk content. Nor is chocolate with high fat. Findings published in the Journal of Internal Medicine, the chocolate was beneficial to health is dark brown. Previous studies have mentioned a rich dark brown with flavonoids, may reduce the risk of blood clots, protect against colon cancer, and even help prevent preterm labor. Antioxidants are compounds that protect against free radicals, molecules that accumulate in the body and damage cells. In England, the heart of the issue remains one of the largest Incredibly Deadly Viper. Approximately 270,000 people die each year due to a heart attack. One third of them died before they reached the hospital. Sometimes it happens because they put off seeking help. If someone is lucky enough to survive a heart attack, they could have had a number of disorders which drastically increases the risk of death from heart problems in the future. But, recent research conducted Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, indicating chocolate snack can be the perfect helper. They do research on 1169 patients aged between 45-70 years old who entered the hospital because of heart attack between 1992-1994. Each patient was questioned about her diet habits, including how much they eat chocolate. The results showed those who ate chocolate twice a week or more, 66% of them did not die because of heart problems than those who do not eat chocolate. While those who enjoy chocolate once a week, can reduce the risk by half. While a snack once a day or less than that, just get a bit of profit, which reduces the risk of death only 27%. The effect of chocolate on health, in recent years, attract interest. But we know, no study of possible effects of chocolate after a heart attack, said the research actors. Its just that the effect does not apply to users of milk chocolate with high calories. Actually, thats the most popular type of chocolate in the UK, also in other parts of the world, including in Indonesia. We have to interpret this study with caution because it is based on long event. Diagnosis and treatment of heart attacks that we do have ahead of time., Says Ellen Mason, senior cardiac nurse at the British Heart Foundation. According to him, dark chocolate does contain antioxidants. But, the benefits of antioxidant effects also can be obtained from fruits and vegetables. So, please just make chocolate as health care, balanced diet, he said. The negative impact of chocolate and handling 1 Chocolate is not the main cause of dental decay (caries). Damage to the teeth are usually caused by the remnants of food that are not cleaned. When the children accustomed to brushing your teeth after eating chocolate, undoubtedly damaged teeth can be avoided. Moreover, good-quality chocolate such as couverture (pure chocolate), able to melt in the temperature 40 degrees Celsius. The most important thing here is to maintain healthy teeth and mouth as often as possible. Because some cases of dental caries in fact caused by our own lazy brush. 2. Against the risk of obesity Undeniable that obesity is one risk factor for degenerative diseases. But a study at Harvard University shows that if you balance the consumption of chocolate candy with enough physical activity and eat a balanced diet, then the negative effects of chocolate candy need not worry. 3. Kidney stones Brown needs to look out for, especially for people who are prone to suffer kidney stones. 100 g chocolate consumption will increase the excretion of calcium oxalate and tripled. Therefore healthy tips that can be recommended is to drink plenty of water after eating chocolate. Conclutions : Coklat Membuat Hidup Lebih Sehat In fact,chocolate is not as bad as we thought all this time, because chocolate is also contains some benefits. One of it is nutrient for our body. Besides, chocolate gives an adventage for woman beauty. Our bad feeling can also changes by eating some chocolate, maybe one of us think that chocolate make us fatty and have danger effects. Byt, we wont get that entire problem if we consume it regularly and in normal size,not too much. For all chocolate lovers, dont be so negative thinking toward chocolate . so enjoy your Chocolate. Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3213939291413122799.post-11336080305818720112019-11-13T20:36:00.001-08:002019-11-13T20:36:04.934-08:00The Hysteria Over Conversion Disorder Essay -- Health Medicine BiologyThe Hysteria Over Conversion Disorder Scientists in fields connected to neurobiology and psychiatry remain mystified about the cause of Conversion Disorder. The disorder is characterized by physical symptoms of a neurological disorder, yet no direct problem can be found in the nervous system or other related systems of the body. This fact alone is not unusual; many diseases and symptoms have unknown origins. Conversion Disorder, however, seems to stem from "trivial" to traumatic psychological events and emotions rather than biological events. The extreme symptoms often disappear as quickly as they appear without the patient consciously controlling or feigning them. Thus, Conversion Disorder serves as a significant example of how blurred the conceived demarcated divisions of mind/body/behavior can be. Conversion Disorder is diagnosed solely by its physical symptoms seen in patients. Symptoms can be divided up into three groups: sensory, motor and visceral. Sensory symptoms include anesthesia, analgesia, tingling, and blindness. Motor symptoms may consist of disorganized mobility, tremors, tics, or paralysis of any muscle groups including vocal cords. Visceral functions include spells of coughing, vomiting belching, and trouble swallowing (1). Most of these symptoms are strikingly similar to existing neurological disorders that have definitive organic causes. Conversion Disorder, on the other hand, defies the nerve patterns and functions from which the symptoms should follow. CT scans and MRIs of patients with Conversion Disorder exclude the possibility of a lesion in the brain or spinal cord, an electroencephalograph rules out a true seizure disorder, and spinal fluid eliminates the possibility of infections or ot... ...ies in the seeming dichotomy between mind and body. This dichotomy however remains a created one for the benefit of our own understanding. Yet, in the case of Conversion Disorder, delineated scientific thinking seems to have prevented our understanding rather than facilitating it; by inspecting the trees, we are missing the forest. References 1)PsychNet-UK http://www.psychnet-uk.com/dsm_iv/conversion_disorder 2)Emedicine: Instant access to the minds of medicine., Dufel, Susan M.D. "Conversion Disorder". http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic112.htm 3)Parobek, Virginia M."Distinguishing conversion disorder from neurologic impairment".Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. 04/97. Volume 29. Number 2. p. 128. Infotrack: Expanded Academic , scroll down to E-journals, select Science Direct and search for title http://www.brynmawr.edu/Library/Docs/biology.html The Hysteria Over Conversion Disorder Essay -- Health Medicine Biology The Hysteria Over Conversion Disorder Scientists in fields connected to neurobiology and psychiatry remain mystified about the cause of Conversion Disorder. The disorder is characterized by physical symptoms of a neurological disorder, yet no direct problem can be found in the nervous system or other related systems of the body. This fact alone is not unusual; many diseases and symptoms have unknown origins. Conversion Disorder, however, seems to stem from "trivial" to traumatic psychological events and emotions rather than biological events. The extreme symptoms often disappear as quickly as they appear without the patient consciously controlling or feigning them. Thus, Conversion Disorder serves as a significant example of how blurred the conceived demarcated divisions of mind/body/behavior can be. Conversion Disorder is diagnosed solely by its physical symptoms seen in patients. Symptoms can be divided up into three groups: sensory, motor and visceral. Sensory symptoms include anesthesia, analgesia, tingling, and blindness. Motor symptoms may consist of disorganized mobility, tremors, tics, or paralysis of any muscle groups including vocal cords. Visceral functions include spells of coughing, vomiting belching, and trouble swallowing (1). Most of these symptoms are strikingly similar to existing neurological disorders that have definitive organic causes. Conversion Disorder, on the other hand, defies the nerve patterns and functions from which the symptoms should follow. CT scans and MRIs of patients with Conversion Disorder exclude the possibility of a lesion in the brain or spinal cord, an electroencephalograph rules out a true seizure disorder, and spinal fluid eliminates the possibility of infections or ot... ...ies in the seeming dichotomy between mind and body. This dichotomy however remains a created one for the benefit of our own understanding. Yet, in the case of Conversion Disorder, delineated scientific thinking seems to have prevented our understanding rather than facilitating it; by inspecting the trees, we are missing the forest. References 1)PsychNet-UK http://www.psychnet-uk.com/dsm_iv/conversion_disorder 2)Emedicine: Instant access to the minds of medicine., Dufel, Susan M.D. "Conversion Disorder". http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic112.htm 3)Parobek, Virginia M."Distinguishing conversion disorder from neurologic impairment".Journal of Neuroscience Nursing. 04/97. Volume 29. Number 2. p. 128. Infotrack: Expanded Academic , scroll down to E-journals, select Science Direct and search for title http://www.brynmawr.edu/Library/Docs/biology.html Sloan Leakhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15671075233053238540noreply@blogger.com0